2pmf

Structural highlights

Disease

GARS_HUMAN Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D;Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 5. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.

Function

GARS_HUMAN Catalyzes the ATP-dependent ligation of glycine to the 3'-end of its cognate tRNA, via the formation of an aminoacyl-adenylate intermediate (Gly-AMP) (PubMed:17544401, PubMed:28675565, PubMed:24898252). Also produces diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A), a universal pleiotropic signaling molecule needed for cell regulation pathways, by direct condensation of 2 ATPs. Thereby, may play a special role in Ap4A homeostasis (PubMed:19710017).^{[1] [2] [3] [4]}

Evolutionary Conservation

Check, as determined by ConSurfDB. You may read the explanation of the method and the full data available from ConSurf.

See Also

• Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase 3D structures

References

1. ↑ Cader MZ, Ren J, James PA, Bird LE, Talbot K, Stammers DK. Crystal structure of human wildtype and S581L-mutant glycyl-tRNA synthetase, an enzyme underlying distal spinal muscular atrophy. FEBS Lett. 2007 Jun 26;581(16):2959-64. Epub 2007 May 29. PMID:17544401 doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.046
2. ↑ Guo RT, Chong YE, Guo M, Yang XL. Crystal structures and biochemical analyses suggest a unique mechanism and role for human glycyl-tRNA synthetase in Ap4A homeostasis. J Biol Chem. 2009 Oct 16;284(42):28968-76. Epub 2009 Aug 26. PMID:19710017 doi:10.1074/jbc.M109.030692
3. ↑ Qin X, Hao Z, Tian Q, Zhang Z, Zhou C, Xie W. Cocrystal Structures of Glycyl-tRNA Synthetase in Complex with tRNA Suggest Multiple Conformational States in Glycylation. J Biol Chem. 2014 Jul 18;289(29):20359-69. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.557249. Epub, 2014 Jun 4. PMID:24898252 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.557249
4. ↑ Oprescu SN, Chepa-Lotrea X, Takase R, Golas G, Markello TC, Adams DR, Toro C, Gropman AL, Hou YM, Malicdan MCV, Gahl WA, Tifft CJ, Antonellis A. Compound heterozygosity for loss-of-function GARS variants results in a multisystem developmental syndrome that includes severe growth retardation. Hum Mutat. 2017 Oct;38(10):1412-1420. doi: 10.1002/humu.23287. Epub 2017 Jul 14. PMID:28675565 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/humu.23287