Citrate Synthase

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This page, as it appeared on March 3, 2011, was featured in this article in the journal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education.

Open conformation of citrate synthase dimer complex with citrate (PDB code 1cts) and closed conformation of citrate synthase dimer complex with citrate and CoA (PDB code 2cts)

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The reaction mechanism for catalysis by citrate synthase
The reaction mechanism for catalysis by citrate synthase
Citrate synthase 'closed' form complex with CoA and citrate (2cts) and the reaction
Citrate synthase 'closed' form complex with CoA and citrate (2cts) and the reaction

See Also

Literature and Notes

  1. "Citrate Synthase -." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 22 Mar. 2010.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Voet, Donald, Judith G. Voet, and Charlotte W. Pratt. Fundamentals of Biochemistry: Life at the Molecular Level. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2008.
  3. Gerike U, Hough DW, Russell NJ, Dyall-Smith ML, Danson MJ. Citrate synthase and 2-methylcitrate synthase: structural, functional and evolutionary relationships. Microbiology (Reading). 1998 Apr;144 ( Pt 4):929-935. doi: , 10.1099/00221287-144-4-929. PMID:9579066 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-144-4-929
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Remington S, Wiegand G, Huber R. Crystallographic refinement and atomic models of two different forms of citrate synthase at 2.7 and 1.7 A resolution. J Mol Biol. 1982 Jun 15;158(1):111-52. PMID:7120407
  5. In this structure 1cts, citrate, the resulting product of the conversion, is actually bound where oxaloacetate binds.
  6. Bayer E, Bauer B, Eggerer H. Evidence from inhibitor studies for conformational changes of citrate synthase. Eur J Biochem. 1981 Nov;120(1):155-60. PMID:7308213
  7. Karpusas M, Branchaud B, Remington SJ. Proposed mechanism for the condensation reaction of citrate synthase: 1.9-A structure of the ternary complex with oxaloacetate and carboxymethyl coenzyme A. Biochemistry. 1990 Mar 6;29(9):2213-9. PMID:2337600
  8. 5cts as the state preceding condensation with oxaloacetate and a non-reactive version of acetyl-CoA bound, 6cts as the state containing the bound intermediate, and 3cts as the complex with the products. Positions of hydrogens on the ligands were calculated and added back to structures in the reaction scheme for instructional purposes and are not present in the experimentally-determined structures; additionally, arrows are drawn with atoms of the analog of acetyl-CoA to approximate the position of the reactive groups only as the reactive groups are not actually part of the analog or the molecules would have reacted; please, see the reaction scheme on this page for a more thorough accounting of the chemistry.
  9. Wiegand G, Remington SJ. Citrate synthase: structure, control, and mechanism. Annu Rev Biophys Biophys Chem. 1986;15:97-117. PMID:3013232 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bb.15.060186.000525
  10. Kim KS, Rosenkrantz MS, Guarente L. Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains two functional citrate synthase genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):1936-42. PMID:3023912
  11. Lewin AS, Hines V, Small GM. Citrate synthase encoded by the CIT2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is peroxisomal. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Apr;10(4):1399-405. PMID:2181273
  12. Lee YJ, Hoe KL, Maeng PJ. Yeast cells lacking the CIT1-encoded mitochondrial citrate synthase are hypersusceptible to heat- or aging-induced apoptosis. Mol Biol Cell. 2007 Sep;18(9):3556-67. Epub 2007 Jul 5. PMID:17615299 doi:10.1091/mbc.E07-02-0118

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