Acid phosphatase

From Proteopedia

Contents 1 Function 2 Disease 3 Relevance 4 Structural Highlights 5 3D Structures of acid phosphatase Function Acid phosphatase (ACP, EC number 3.1.3.2) is an enzyme which removes phosphate from other molecules during digestion. It catalyzes the conversion of orthophosphoric monoester and H2O to alcohol and phosphoric acid. The enzyme is most effective in acidic environment, hence its name.[1] Prostatic ACP (PSAP) is produced by the prostate[2]. Purple ACP (PAP) or tartrate-resistant ACP contains a dinuclear Fe center and their oxidized form in solution maintains a purple color[3]. Histidine ACP (HAP) catalyzes the transfer of phosphoryl group using an active-site histidine[4] N-acetylneuraminic ACP is involved in the biosynthesis of N-acetylneuraminate. Lysophosphatidic ACP is involved in signal transduction and storage lipid synthesis[5]. BA42 belongs to the TPM protein family from Pfam. The TPM domain family is named after the three founding proteins TLP18.3, Psb32 and MOLO-1. TPM domains have a characteristic fold (αβαβαββαα or βαβαββαα) composed of α helices (3+3[6] or 2+3[7]) flanking four central β strands. The TPM fold has not been found in other protein domains to date. TPM was previously referred to as "DUF477" and "Repair_PSII". ACP contains 3 classes: Class A is nonspecific and catalyses the dephospho rylation of orthophosphoric monoesters and transphosphorylation . Class B dephosphorylates several phosphoric monsters like 3" and 5'- nucleotides . Class C is nonspecific and does not modify lipids . In plants, the TPM domain-containing proteins TLP18.3 and Psb32 that have been implicated in the photosystem II (PSII) repair cycle. It may be involved in the regulation of synthesis/degradation of the D1 protein of the PSII core and in the assembly of PSII monomers into dimers in the grana stacks.[8] In the model nematode C. elegans, the MOLO-1 protein is an auxiliary subunit that positively modulates the gating of levamisole-sensitive acetylcholine receptors.[9] 1st Ca2+ coordination site 2nd Ca2+ coordination site in Antarctic bacterium protein BA42 (PDB code 4oa3).[10] Disease PSAP is found in increased amounts in patients who have prostate cancer. Relevance PSAP was used as a prostate cancer marker before the develpement of prostate specific antigen (PSA) as one. Structural Highlights Hg2+ cation acting as intermolecular bridge in E. coli acid phosphatase.[11] 3D Structures of acid phosphatase Acid phosphatase 3D structures

spinqualitylabelsall models Antarctic bacterium protein BA42 complex with Ca2+ ions (PDB code 4oa3) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image

References

1. ↑ Bull H, Murray PG, Thomas D, Fraser AM, Nelson PN. Acid phosphatases. Mol Pathol. 2002 Apr;55(2):65-72. PMID:11950951
2. ↑ Hassan MI, Aijaz A, Ahmad F. Structural and functional analysis of human prostatic acid phosphatase. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2010 Jul;10(7):1055-68. PMID:20645695 doi:10.1586/era.10.46
3. ↑ Bhadouria J, Giri J. Purple acid phosphatases: roles in phosphate utilization and new emerging functions. Plant Cell Rep. 2022 Jan;41(1):33-51. PMID:34402946 doi:10.1007/s00299-021-02773-7
4. ↑ Rigden DJ. The histidine phosphatase superfamily: structure and function. Biochem J. 2008 Jan 15;409(2):333-48. PMID:18092946 doi:10.1042/BJ20071097
5. ↑ Reddy VS, Rao DK, Rajasekharan R. Functional characterization of lysophosphatidic acid phosphatase from Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Apr;1801(4):455-61. PMID:20045079 doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.12.005
6. ↑ Wu HY, Liu MS, Lin TP, Cheng YS. Structural and Functional Assays of AtTLP18.3 Identify Its Novel Acid Phosphatase Activity in Thylakoid Lumen. Plant Physiol. 2011 Sep 9. PMID:21908686 doi:10.1104/pp.111.184739
7. ↑ Eletsky A, Acton TB, Xiao R, Everett JK, Montelione GT, Szyperski T. Solution NMR structures reveal a distinct architecture and provide first structures for protein domain family PF04536. J Struct Funct Genomics. 2012 Mar;13(1):9-14. doi: 10.1007/s10969-011-9122-2., Epub 2011 Dec 24. PMID:22198206 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10969-011-9122-2
8. ↑ Sirpio S, Allahverdiyeva Y, Suorsa M, Paakkarinen V, Vainonen J, Battchikova N, Aro EM. TLP18.3, a novel thylakoid lumen protein regulating photosystem II repair cycle. Biochem J. 2007 Sep 15;406(3):415-25. PMID:17576201 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20070460
9. ↑ Boulin T, Rapti G, Briseno-Roa L, Stigloher C, Richmond JE, Paoletti P, Bessereau JL. Positive modulation of a Cys-loop acetylcholine receptor by an auxiliary transmembrane subunit. Nat Neurosci. 2012 Oct;15(10):1374-81. doi: 10.1038/nn.3197. Epub 2012 Aug 26. PMID:22922783 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn.3197
10. ↑ Aran M, Smal C, Pellizza L, Gallo M, Otero LH, Klinke S, Goldbaum FA, Ithurralde ER, Bercovich A, Mac Cormack WP, Turjanski AG, Cicero DO. Solution and crystal structure of BA42, a protein from the Antarctic bacterium Bizionia argentinensis comprised of a stand-alone TPM domain. Proteins. 2014 Aug 13. doi: 10.1002/prot.24667. PMID:25116514 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24667
11. ↑ Lim D, Golovan S, Forsberg CW, Jia Z. Crystal structures of Escherichia coli phytase and its complex with phytate. Nat Struct Biol. 2000 Feb;7(2):108-13. PMID:10655611 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/72371