Structural highlights
FunctionTGFA_HUMAN TGF alpha is a mitogenic polypeptide that is able to bind to the EGF receptor/EGFR and to act synergistically with TGF beta to promote anchorage-independent cell proliferation in soft agar. Publication Abstract from PubMedRecent studies have implicated a role of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway in kidney disease. Skin toxicity associated with therapeutics which completely block the EGFR pathway precludes their use in chronic dosing, therefore we developed antibodies which specifically neutralize the EGFR ligands TGFalpha (transforming growth factor-alpha) and epiregulin but not EGF (epidermal growth factor), amphiregulin, betacellulin, HB-EGF (heparin-binding epidermal growth factor), or epigen. The epitope of one such neutralizing antibody, LY3016859, was characterized in detail to elucidate the structural basis for ligand specificity. Here we report a crystal structure of the LY3016859 Fab fragment in complex with soluble human TGFalpha. Our data demonstrate a conformational epitope located primarily within the C-terminal subdomain of the ligand. In addition, point mutagenesis experiments were used to highlight specific amino acids which are critical for both antigen binding and neutralization, most notably Ala41 , Glu44 , and His45 . These results illustrate the structural basis for the ligand specificity/selectivity of LY3016859 and could also provide insight into further engineering to alter specificity and/or affinity of LY3016859. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. Structural Basis of Selectivity and Neutralizing Activity of a TGFalpha/Epiregulin Specific Antibody.,Boyles JS, Atwell S, Druzina Z, Heuer JG, Witcher DR Protein Sci. 2016 Aug 20. doi: 10.1002/pro.3023. PMID:27543934[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. See AlsoReferences
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