6t3l
PAS-GAF fragment from Deinococcus radiodurans phytochrome in dark state
Structural highlights
FunctionBPHY_DEIRA Photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the R form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the FR form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Has also a slight blue shift for the far-red maximum. Could also absorb green light. May participate in regulating pigment synthesis like the carotenoid deinoxanthin which could protect the bacterium from intense visible light. Publication Abstract from PubMedPhytochrome proteins control the growth, reproduction, and photosynthesis of plants, fungi, and bacteria. Light is detected by a bilin cofactor, but it remains elusive how this leads to activation of the protein through structural changes. We present serial femtosecond X-ray crystallographic data of the chromophore-binding domains of a bacterial phytochrome at delay times of 1 ps and 10 ps after photoexcitation. The data reveal a twist of the D-ring, which leads to partial detachment of the chromophore from the protein. Unexpectedly, the conserved so-called pyrrole water is photodissociated from the chromophore, concomitant with movement of the A-ring and a key signalling aspartate. The changes are wired together by ultrafast backbone and water movements around the chromophore, channeling them into signal transduction towards the output domains. We suggest that the observed collective changes are important for the phytochrome photoresponse, explaining the earliest steps of how plants, fungi and bacteria sense red light. The primary structural photoresponse of phytochrome proteins captured by a femtosecond X-ray laser.,Claesson E, Wahlgren WY, Takala H, Pandey S, Castillon L, Kuznetsova V, Henry L, Panman M, Carrillo M, Kubel J, Nanekar R, Isaksson L, Nimmrich A, Cellini A, Morozov D, Maj M, Kurttila M, Bosman R, Nango E, Tanaka R, Tanaka T, Fangjia L, Iwata S, Owada S, Moffat K, Groenhof G, A Stojkovic E, A Ihalainen J, Schmidt M, Westenhoff S Elife. 2020 Mar 31;9. pii: 53514. doi: 10.7554/eLife.53514. PMID:32228856[1] From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine. References
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