AMP-activated protein kinase

spinqualitylabelsall models Human AMP-activated protein kinaseα1 subunit (deeppink) +β2 subunit (green) +γ1 subunit (cyan) complex with AMP, staurosporine, cyclodextrin and HEPES (PDB code 4rer) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a nuclear receptor which regulates cellular uptake of glucose, β-oxidation of fatty acids and biogenesis of glucose transporter thus playing a role in cellular energy homeostasis by phosphorylating key proteins. In response to low levels of ATP, AMPK activates energy-producing pathways and inhibits energy-consuming pathways. See also AMPK signaling pathway. Relevance AMPK is an important drug target for obesity, type 2 diabetes and cancer. AMPK activity is enhanced during exercise resulting in increased glucose uptake and blood supply in muscles. Stresses like hypoglycemia, anoxia and ischemia produce increase in AMPK levels. Structural highlights AMPK is a heterotrimer: AMPK α subunit is the catalytic subunit and contains Thr174 (TPO) which undergoes phosphorylation. AMPK β subunit is a scaffold on which the heterotrimer assembles. There are 2 β subunits. β subunit contains phosphorylated Ser108 (SEP). AMPK γ subunit detects shifts in AMP:ATP ratio via its 4 cystathionine β synthase (CBS) domains. The active site binds 3 AMPs. 3D structures of AMP-activated protein kinase AMP-activated protein kinase 3D structures

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