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Function
Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) is an intermembrane flavoprotein which induces caspase-independent peripheral chromatin condensation and large-scale DNA fragmentation and thus causes cell death[1]. AIF contains the cofactor FAD.
Relevance
AIF deficiency is a risk factor for the development of diabetic kidney disease[2].
Structural highlights
The AIF binding site contains the cofactor FAD and 2 molecules of the reducing factor NADH[3]. Water molecules shown as red spheres.
- ↑ Cande C, Cohen I, Daugas E, Ravagnan L, Larochette N, Zamzami N, Kroemer G. Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF): a novel caspase-independent death effector released from mitochondria. Biochimie. 2002 Feb-Mar;84(2-3):215-22. PMID:12022952
- ↑ Coughlan MT, Higgins GC, Nguyen TV, Penfold SA, Thallas-Bonke V, Tan SM, Ramm G, Van Bergen NJ, Henstridge DC, Sourris KC, Harcourt BE, Trounce IA, Robb PM, Laskowski A, McGee SL, Genders AJ, Walder K, Drew BG, Gregorevic P, Qian H, Thomas MC, Jerums G, Macisaac RJ, Skene A, Power DA, Ekinci EI, Wijeyeratne XW, Gallo LA, Herman-Edelstein M, Ryan MT, Cooper ME, Thorburn DR, Forbes JM. Deficiency in Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Recapitulates Chronic Kidney Disease via Aberrant Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Diabetes. 2016 Apr;65(4):1085-98. doi: 10.2337/db15-0864. Epub 2016 Jan 28. PMID:26822084 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db15-0864
- ↑ Ferreira P, Villanueva R, Martinez-Julvez M, Herguedas B, Marcuello C, Fernandez-Silva P, Cabon L, Hermoso JA, Lostao A, Susin SA, Medina M. Structural insights into the coenzyme mediated monomer-dimer transition of the pro-apoptotic apoptosis inducing factor. Biochemistry. 2014 Jul 1;53(25):4204-15. doi: 10.1021/bi500343r. Epub 2014 Jun, 20. PMID:24914854 doi:https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi500343r
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