Fibroblast growth factor

spinqualitylabelsall models Rat fibroblast growth factor 1 complex with heparan sulfate (PDB code 2uus) Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function Fibroblast growth factors (FGF) are involved in angiogenesis, wound-healing and embryonic development. FGF is heparin-binding protein. FGF require heparan sulfate (HS) to activate the four FGF cell-surface receptors (FGFR). In vertebrates there are 23 members in the FGF family. FGF1 is called acidic FGF. FGF2 is called basic FGF. See also API5-FGF2 complex. FGF4 has multiple roles during vertebrate embryogenesis. FGF7 is called keratinocyte growth factor which is present in the epitheliazation-phase of wound healing when keratinocytes are covering the wound. FGF7 is aparacrine growth factor in the breast. FGF8 has multiple roles in the regulation of embryogenesis, cell differentiation, proliferation and migration. It is required for normal development of normal brain, eye, ear and limb. FGF9 is produced and secreted by the prostatic stromal cells. FGF10 has essential role in the growth of fetal prostate . FGF12 is a key regulator of the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switch. FGF13 regulates proliferation and differentiation of the skeletal muscle cells . FGF18 has al role in organ development and damage repair . FGF19 has high affinity to FGFR4. FGF21 has a role in regulating body weight in a dietary carbohydrate-dependent manner . FGF23 is produced by bone cells and regulates renal phosphate and vitamin D metabolism . See also Fibroblast growth factor receptor and Growth factors. Disease Mutations in FGF20 are associated with Parkinson's disease. Relevance FGF signaling is important in the pathogenesis of a variety of tumor types, angiogenesis and wound healing. FGF1 is a potentially safw candidate for restoring euglycaemia without causing a=overt adverse effects. Overexpression of the high molecular weight isoform of FGF2 in bone results in catabolic activity in joint cartilage and bone that leads to osteoarthropathy. FGF12 could be a therapeutic target for treating restenosis and atherosclerosis. FGF18 is overexpressed in ovarian cancer and hence may serve as therapeutic target. FGF19 is overexpressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma and hence may serve as therapeutic target. Structural insights The heparin binds in the dimer interface of the rat fibroblast growth factor 1. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. 3D structures of fibroblast growth factor Fibroblast growth factor 3D structures

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