Interleukin

spinqualitylabelsall models Human interleukin-1β chain complex with sulfate, 2nvh Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function Interleukin (IL) is a cytokine which functions in the immune system. IL families are denoted by numbers. IL-1 is a group of 11 cytokines which regulate immune and inflammatory response. See Interleukin-1 beta. IL-2 is a cytokine made by leukocytes. It is used in cancer therapy to boost the immune system. IL-3 improves the body's natural response to disease by stimulating the differentiation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells into myeloid or lymphoid progenitor cells. IL-4 induces the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to Th2 cells. IL-5 stimulates B cell growth and increases immunoglobulin secretion. IL-6 is both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory myokine. Several studies have outlined the importance of autocrine IL-6 signaling in lung and breast cancers. For example, one group found a positive correlation between persistently activated tyrosine-phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3), found in 50% of lung adenocarcinomas, and IL-6. Further investigation revealed that mutant EGFR could activate the oncogenic STAT3 pathway via upregulated IL-6 autocrine signaling. IL-7 is a cytokine important for B and T cells development. IL-8 induces chemotaxis and phagocytosis. IL-10 see Interleukin-10 and Inflammation & Rheumatoid Arthritis. IL-11 involved in the stimulation of megakaryocyte maturation. IL-12 induces the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to Th1 cells. See Interleukin-12. IL-13 induces the differentiation of naive helper T cells (Th0) to Th2 cells. IL-15 see Interleukin-15. IL-16 acts as chemoattractant, modulator of T cell activity and inhibitor of HIV replication. IL-17 recruits monocytes and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. IL-18 induces cell-mediated immunity following infection by microbial lipopolysaccharides. IL-19 induces activation of the signal transducer and activator of STAT3. IL-21 has potent effect on natural killer cells. IL-22 stimulates inflammatory responses like S100 and defensin. IL-23 induces activation of the signal transducer and activator of STAT4. IL-24 induces activation of the signal transducer and activator of STAT1 and STAT3. IL-28 has a role in the immune defense against viruses. IL-29 similar to IL-28. IL-33 induces helper T cells, mast cells, eosinophils and basophils to produce type 2 cytokines. IL-34 increases growth or survival of monocytes. IL-36 acts on naïve CD4+ T cells. IL-37 has a role in inhibiting both innate and adaptive immune responses. See also Growth factors Relevance Uncontrolled activation of IL-1 is a component of of some inflammatory diseases including gout. IL-8 is implicated in inflammatory lung diseases. IL-10 is implicated in inflammatory bowel disease. IL-10 is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. IL-23 is implicated in Crohn's disease. Disease IL deficiency results in autoimmune disease. 3D structures of interleukin Interleukin 3D structures

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Michal Harel, Alexander Berchansky, Joel L. Sussman