Semaphorin

spinqualitylabelsall models Glycosylated human semaphorin 7A (deeppink) complex with plexin-C1 (cyan) and Ca+2 ion (green), 3nvn Show:Asymmetric Unit Biological Assembly Drag the structure with the mouse to rotate   Export Animated Image   Print3D Function Semaphorin (SEMA) are membrane proteins which act as axonal growth guidance molecules. SEMA act as short-range inhibitory signal. SEMA and Plexin are crucial for the development and homeostasis of nervous, immune and cardiovascular systems. There are 8 classes of SEMA numbered 1 to 7 and V (viral). Each class has several subgroups which share similar characteristics. Semaphorin 3 is needed for normal patterning and growth of nerves, bones and heart. Semaphorin 4D acts through its receptor to tip the balance of bone homeostasis toward resorption . Semaphorin 6D is part of the complex involved in macrophage polarization . Semaphorin 7A promotes axon growth through integrins and MAPKs . Relevance SEMAs ar implicated in a number of developmental, psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. SEMA 3A is a marker for disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus. Structural insights SEMA interacts with plexin C1 via 3 regions: SEMA extrusion helix, loop4c-4d and blade 3. Water molecules are shown as red spheres. 3D structures of semaphorin Semaphorin 3D structures

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