Proteopedia - User contributions [en]

https://proteopedia.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Elizabeth+Cummings Proteopedia - User contributions [en] 2026-09-16T22:52:57Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.43.8 https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=CBI_Molecules&diff=2075982 CBI Molecules 2014-12-04T20:38:52Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>These are molecules under study by members of the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program].<br /> Many of the molecules we study are featured at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground] (see also [[Molecular Playground|Molecular Playground in Proteopedia]]). Follow the links below to read nontechnical descriptions, in Proteopedia, of these molecules.<br /> <br /> UMass CBI Members, add your molecules to the list (which is alphabetical by CBI research mentor); follow the instructions below the list.<br /> <br /> Fall 2014: CBI Molecules are due 12/3/14 and should be added at the TOP of the list from your lab. Label it as "in progress" until you are finished, and then as "New 2014" or "Revised 2014". For those editing an existing CBI Molecule, start by making a copy of that entry (leaving the original intact) so that it retains the full author list of all authors that contributed (or include credits and a link to the original page and authors if it does not).<br /> Follow the instructions at the bottom of this page.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Molecules==<br /> '''** Designates CBI Molecules Featured on [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ CBI website]'''<br /> <br /> [http://chamberslab.com/wp/ Chambers Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Glutamate Receptor]]''', Amanda Hussey, Steve McCarron, Rosie Combs-Bachmann, Mariel Feliciano<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~chenlab/index.HTML Chen Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ClyA]]''', Bib Yang<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/OmpG]]''', Christina Chisholm<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://openwetware.org/wiki/Chien Chien Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ClpP]]''', Lisa Hernandez, Rob Vass '''New 2014'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Homo-dimeric RcdA]]''', Kamal K. Joshi <br /> : **'''[[Molecular Playground/Hexameric ClpX]]''', Joanne Lau '''Best CBI Molecule 2011'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/DNA replication initiator DnaA]]''', Jing Liu<br /> <br /> <br /> Farkas Lab<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex]]''', Hui-Hsien Lin, Joseph Hardie, Michael Mingroni '''New 2014''' <br /> <br /> Forbes Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CheR]]''', Miaomin Zhang<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/RBP]]''', Jan Panteli<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/TRAIL]]''', Charley Swofford<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.biochem.umass.edu/garman/index.html Garman Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human Protective Protein Cathepsin A]]''', Yadilette Rivera-Colon<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human PPCA]]''', Nilima Kolli<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/gieraschlab/ Gierasch Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/DnaK]]''', Joseph Tilitsky, New 2014<br /> : '''[[CRABP I ( Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein )|Molecular Playground/CRABP I]]''', Kristine Faye Pobre, Mylene Ferrolino,Mangai Periasamy '''Best Overall CBI Molecule 2010'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CRABP I (Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein)]]''', Gustavo Elberto Epalza Sanchez<br /> : **'''[[Molecular_Playground/DHFR]]''', Karan Hingorani '''Best CBI Molecule 2012'''<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/jhardy/ Hardy Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Executioner Caspase-7]]''', Derek MacPherson, Maureen E. Hill<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-3 Regulatory Mechanisms]]''', Scott Eron, Bay Serrano, Yunlong Zhao<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 and neurodegeneration]]''', Kevin Buadlart Dagbay<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-7 Dynamics]]'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-9 Regulation]]''', Kristen Huber<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 (new)]]''', Elih Velazquez<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Influenza A M2 transmembrane domain]]''', Samantha Nicholls<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Dengue Virus Protease]]''', Muslum Yildiz<br /> <br /> <br /> Hebert Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/Hsp70-Hsp90]]''', Jill Graham<br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/ERDj5]]''', Lydia Lamriben<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Saposin C]]''', Abla Tannous<br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/ERMan1]]''', Johan Sunryd<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.biochem.umass.edu/aheuck/aph.html Heuck Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/Pcr H]]''', Fabian Romano, Carolina Morell-Pérez, Yuzhou Tang<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/mholden/ Holden Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Protective Antigen]]''', Jing Huang<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/people/kaltashovlab/ Kaltashov Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Chengfeng_Ren Molecular Playground/Inteferon]'''[Revised], Chengfeng Ren<br /> : ''' [[Molecular Playground/Transferrin]]''', Khaja Muneeruddin, Jake Pawlowski<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Velaglucerase]]''', Adriana Kita<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Antithrombin-Heparin]]''', Yunlong Zhao<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/knapplab/?q=knappchem/index.html/ Knapp Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain (PHD) Enzyme]]''', Cristina Martin, Serap Pektas '''Best CBI Molecule Proteopedia Page 2010''' '''***New Fall 2014***'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/FIH]]''', Vanessa Chaplin, Cornelius Taabazuing, Breanne Holmes, John Hangasky<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/mmaroney/ Maroney Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/UreE]]''', Priyanka Basak, '''New 2014'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Nickel Superoxide Dismutase]]''', Carolyn Carr<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CsoR and RcnR]]''', Heidi Hu, Carolyn Carr, Hsin-Ting (Tiffany )Huang, '''Revised 2014'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/HypA]]''', Heidi Hu<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]<br /> <br /> : **'''[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNAP Conformations]]''', Luis E. Ramirez-Tapia '''Best CBI Molecule 2011'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNA Polymerase (7 mer int)]]''', Ankit Vahia<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human mtRNA pol]]''', Ketan Mathavan <br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.peytonlab.org/ Peyton Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/IntegrinBeta1]]''', Lauren Jansen, Lauren Barney, Elizabeth Brooks, Alyssa Schwartz ***'''NEW FALL 2014''''***<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/MMP14]]''', Lauren Jansen<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/C-Raf]]''', Thuy Nguyen<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/FAK]]''', Dannielle Ryman<br /> <br /> [http://roberts.openwetware.org/ Roberts Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Taxol]]''', Elizabeth Cummings, Rohan Patil, Sarah Wilson ***'''Revised Fall 2014'''***<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Insulin]]''', Whitney Stoppel<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.umass.edu/rotellogroup/ Rotello Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Reverse transcriptase|Molecular Playground/Reverse Transcriptase]]''', Daniel Moyano-Marino<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]]''', Rui Tang<br /> : '''[[Molecular playground/Chymotrypsin]]''', Brad<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Targeting Peptide]]''', David Solfiell<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://http://www.umass.edu/schiffman/ Schiffman Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Streptavidin]]''', Katrina Rieger<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.biochem.umass.edu/faculty/danny-j-schnell Schnell Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Tic40]]''', Mine Canakci<br /> <br /> <br /> Tew Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/HIV Tat]]''', Brittany deRonde<br /> <br /> <br /> Thayumanavan Lab<br /> : '''[[Interleukin-1 beta]]''', Huan He<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Lysozyme ]]''', Daniella Gonzalez<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Beta-galactosidase]]''', Judy Ventura<br /> : '''[[User:Krishna Reddy Ragupathi|Molecular Playground/Carbonic Anhydrase]]''', Krishna Reddy Raghupathi<br /> : '''[[User:Rami Rajasekhar Reddy|Molecular Playground/Avidin]]''', Rami Rajasekar Reddy<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Biotin binding avidin]]''', Diego Amado <br /> : '''[[User:Jiaming Zhuang|Molecular Playground/MMP12]]''', Jiaming Zhuang<br /> : ''' [[User:Jing Guo|Molecular Playground/Gluconase]]''', Jing Guo<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Glutathione Reductase]]''', Reuben Chacko<br /> <br /> <br /> Thayumanavan & Vachet Labs<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Trypsin]]''', Gladys Murage<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/thompson/index.html Thompson Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Complex]]''', Elizabeth R. Haglin, Maryam Kashefi<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CheA]]''', Elizabeth R. Haglin<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Receptors]]''', Lynmarie K. Thompson, Shiela M. Jones<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Cytoplasmic domain of chemoreceptor of Thermotoga maritima]]''', Xuni Li<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~vachet/index.html Vachet Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human Serum Albumin]]''', Mahalia Serrano ''*Revised 2014*''<br /> : '''[[Molecular playground/beta 2 microglobulin]]''', Nick Borotto '''Best CBI Molecule Jmol scenes 2010'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Myoglobin]]''', Yuping Zhou <br /> :'''[[Molecular Playground/ Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase]]''', Shaynah Browne<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Ubiquitin salt bridge discussion]]''', Zhe Zhang<br /> <br /> <br /> Other Molecules of interest<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/PcrA Helicase]]''', Luis E Ramirez-Tapia, [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]<br /> <br /> <br /> Other Laboratories<br /> <br /> :'''[[Molecular Playground/4'-PHOSPHOPANTETHEINYL TRANSFERASE (Sfp)]]''', Jon Amoroso, Gitanjeli Prasad, Lawrence Sheringham Borketey, Schnarr lab<br /> : '''[[6-deoxyerythronolide_B_synthase_(DEBS)|Molecular Playground/6-Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase]]''', Tsung-Yi Lin, Jon Amoroso, Lawrence Sheringham Borketey, Schnarr lab<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ACP apo]]''', Gitanjeli Prasad, Schnarr lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor]]''', Meili Yang, Weis lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2011]]''', Joe White, David Griffi, Bhatia Lab<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Poly(ethylene glycol)]]''', Erika M. Saffer, Bhatia Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/YKL-40]]''', Ralph A. Francescone III, [http://www.bio.umass.edu/mcb/faculty/Shao.html Shao Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/BLG|Molecular Playground/β-lactoglobulin]]''', Daniel Seeman, Dubin Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ADAM13]]''', Genevieve Abbruzzese, Alfandari Lab<br /> <br /> ==Instructions==<br /> <br /> '''The goal is for students to work collaboratively to create one excellent CBI Molecule for each CBI research group, to be featured on the CBI website.'''<br /> <br /> Fall 2014: Complete steps 1-3 before the CBI Molecule Workshop on 11/19; bring your computer to the CBI Molecule Workshop in ISB 321. You will be able to start work on your CBI Molecule at the workshop. You should plan to stay and finish your molecule after the workshop (or as soon as possible) while the instructions and ideas are fresh in your mind.<br /> <br /> A successful CBI Molecule is an interesting, nontechnical description of a molecule related to your group's research. It should tell an interesting story with few words and many green scenes. Green scenes should be clear and attractive illustrations that tell your story. It's great if you can end with a brief statement about how it relates to your group's research goals.<br /> <br /> 1. If you don't already have one, request a Proteopedia account and log in. <br /> <br /> 2. Read through the rest of the instructions, do the tutorials below, and look at any existing CBI Molecules from your research group. Talk with other CBI students in your research group and decide how you will collaborate to make an improved CBI Molecule related to your group's research. Develop ideas for the scenes that each of you will make.<br /> <br /> 3. Get started working in Proteopedia. Make yourself a sandbox page: Enter "User:Your Name/Sandbox 1" (omit quotes) in the search box, then follow instructions to edit this page. Practice entering text, inserting a structure window with scrolling text (green 4-square button on the right), and creating a green scene. Explore the HELP links below to learn how to make a green scene. You can look at other Proteopedia pages in edit mode to see how different effects (like colored text) are achieved (but this won't show you how the scene effects are made). <br /> <br /> '''Complete the above steps before the CBI Molecule Workshop.'''<br /> <br /> 4. When editing an existing CBI Molecule, leave the original intact and make a copy that you will edit so that it retains the full author list of all authors that contributed. You are encouraged to collaborate on the CBI Molecules, but everyone will need to log in as themself and create a green scene to get credit for their work and to appear as authors on the final list. If you are the sole student from your group enrolled in Chalk Talk and have not previously made a CBI Molecule, try to convince another group member who has previously made a CBI Molecule (see list above) to join us for the workshop so that you can work together.<br /> <br /> 5. Your final pages should be called "Molecular Playground/your molecule" and should have links on this CBI Molecule page -- put the new ones first on the list from your research group. Label them "in progress" until you are finished, and then "new 2014" or "revised 2014". Minimize text; tell your story with green scenes!<br /> <br /> 6. When your CBI Molecule is complete, send Lynmarie an email to nominate a cool scene/clever caption you would like to feature at the Molecular Playground (include a link to your CBI Molecule, name of the green scene, and caption).<br /> <br /> ==Links to HELP pages==<br /> Overview at [[Help:Contents ]]<br /> <br /> See also [[Help:Getting_Started_in_Proteopedia]] <br /> <br /> Videos showing how to use Proteopedia:<br /> [[Proteopedia:Video_Guide]]<br /> (Sometimes slow -- if you pause the video and wait awhile it will download and then you can play it without interruptions)<br /> <br /> [[Proteopedia:DIY:Scenes|Proteopedia Scenes: Do It Yourself]]<br /> gives succinct step by step instructions on how to create a molecular scene.<br /> <br /> A powerpoint-like set of slides that walks a user through the process of creating a new page and a new molecular scene/green link.<br /> [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/images/1/1b/2009_07_13_Proteopedia_Workshop.pdf Proteopedia Workshop Slides]<br /> <br /> [[Proteopedia:Guidelines for Ethical Writing]].<br /> Please pay attention to the section about images. There are links to examples of images re-used with explicit permission.<br /> <br /> For other help resources, click on [[Help:Contents|Help]] in the ''navigation'' box at the upper left of every page in Proteopedia.</div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=CBI_Molecules&diff=2075981 CBI Molecules 2014-12-04T20:37:59Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>These are molecules under study by members of the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program].<br /> Many of the molecules we study are featured at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground] (see also [[Molecular Playground|Molecular Playground in Proteopedia]]). Follow the links below to read nontechnical descriptions, in Proteopedia, of these molecules.<br /> <br /> UMass CBI Members, add your molecules to the list (which is alphabetical by CBI research mentor); follow the instructions below the list.<br /> <br /> Fall 2014: CBI Molecules are due 12/3/14 and should be added at the TOP of the list from your lab. Label it as "in progress" until you are finished, and then as "New 2014" or "Revised 2014". For those editing an existing CBI Molecule, start by making a copy of that entry (leaving the original intact) so that it retains the full author list of all authors that contributed (or include credits and a link to the original page and authors if it does not).<br /> Follow the instructions at the bottom of this page.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Molecules==<br /> '''** Designates CBI Molecules Featured on [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ CBI website]'''<br /> <br /> [http://chamberslab.com/wp/ Chambers Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Glutamate Receptor]]''', Amanda Hussey, Steve McCarron, Rosie Combs-Bachmann, Mariel Feliciano<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~chenlab/index.HTML Chen Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ClyA]]''', Bib Yang<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/OmpG]]''', Christina Chisholm<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://openwetware.org/wiki/Chien Chien Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ClpP]]''', Lisa Hernandez, Rob Vass '''New 2014'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Homo-dimeric RcdA]]''', Kamal K. Joshi <br /> : **'''[[Molecular Playground/Hexameric ClpX]]''', Joanne Lau '''Best CBI Molecule 2011'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/DNA replication initiator DnaA]]''', Jing Liu<br /> <br /> <br /> Farkas Lab<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CLOCK:BMAL1 heterodimer complex]]''', Hui-Hsien Lin, Joseph Hardie, Michael Mingroni '''New 2014''' <br /> <br /> Forbes Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CheR]]''', Miaomin Zhang<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/RBP]]''', Jan Panteli<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/TRAIL]]''', Charley Swofford<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.biochem.umass.edu/garman/index.html Garman Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human Protective Protein Cathepsin A]]''', Yadilette Rivera-Colon<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human PPCA]]''', Nilima Kolli<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/gieraschlab/ Gierasch Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/DnaK]]''', Joseph Tilitsky, New 2014<br /> : '''[[CRABP I ( Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein )|Molecular Playground/CRABP I]]''', Kristine Faye Pobre, Mylene Ferrolino,Mangai Periasamy '''Best Overall CBI Molecule 2010'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CRABP I (Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein)]]''', Gustavo Elberto Epalza Sanchez<br /> : **'''[[Molecular_Playground/DHFR]]''', Karan Hingorani '''Best CBI Molecule 2012'''<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/jhardy/ Hardy Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Executioner Caspase-7]]''', Derek MacPherson, Maureen E. Hill<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-3 Regulatory Mechanisms]]''', Scott Eron, Bay Serrano, Yunlong Zhao<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 and neurodegeneration]]''', Kevin Buadlart Dagbay<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-7 Dynamics]]'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-9 Regulation]]''', Kristen Huber<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 (new)]]''', Elih Velazquez<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Influenza A M2 transmembrane domain]]''', Samantha Nicholls<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Dengue Virus Protease]]''', Muslum Yildiz<br /> <br /> <br /> Hebert Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/Hsp70-Hsp90]]''', Jill Graham<br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/ERDj5]]''', Lydia Lamriben<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Saposin C]]''', Abla Tannous<br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/ERMan1]]''', Johan Sunryd<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.biochem.umass.edu/aheuck/aph.html Heuck Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular_Playground/Pcr H]]''', Fabian Romano, Carolina Morell-Pérez, Yuzhou Tang<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/mholden/ Holden Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Protective Antigen]]''', Jing Huang<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/people/kaltashovlab/ Kaltashov Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Chengfeng_Ren Molecular Playground/Inteferon]'''[Revised], Chengfeng Ren<br /> : ''' [[Molecular Playground/Transferrin]]''', Khaja Muneeruddin, Jake Pawlowski<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Velaglucerase]]''', Adriana Kita<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Antithrombin-Heparin]]''', Yunlong Zhao<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/knapplab/?q=knappchem/index.html/ Knapp Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain (PHD) Enzyme]]''', Cristina Martin, Serap Pektas '''Best CBI Molecule Proteopedia Page 2010''' '''***New Fall 2014***'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/FIH]]''', Vanessa Chaplin, Cornelius Taabazuing, Breanne Holmes, John Hangasky<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/mmaroney/ Maroney Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/UreE]]''', Priyanka Basak, '''New 2014'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Nickel Superoxide Dismutase]]''', Carolyn Carr<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CsoR and RcnR]]''', Heidi Hu, Carolyn Carr, Hsin-Ting (Tiffany )Huang, '''Revised 2014'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/HypA]]''', Heidi Hu<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]<br /> <br /> : **'''[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNAP Conformations]]''', Luis E. Ramirez-Tapia '''Best CBI Molecule 2011'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNA Polymerase (7 mer int)]]''', Ankit Vahia<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human mtRNA pol]]''', Ketan Mathavan <br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.peytonlab.org/ Peyton Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/IntegrinBeta1]]''', Lauren Jansen, Lauren Barney, Elizabeth Brooks, Alyssa Schwartz ***'''NEW FALL 2014''''***<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/MMP14]]''', Lauren Jansen<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/C-Raf]]''', Thuy Nguyen<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/FAK]]''', Dannielle Ryman<br /> <br /> [http://roberts.openwetware.org/ Roberts Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Taxol]]''', Elizabeth Cummings, Rohan Patil, Sarah Wilson<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Insulin]]''', Whitney Stoppel<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.umass.edu/rotellogroup/ Rotello Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Reverse transcriptase|Molecular Playground/Reverse Transcriptase]]''', Daniel Moyano-Marino<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]]''', Rui Tang<br /> : '''[[Molecular playground/Chymotrypsin]]''', Brad<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Targeting Peptide]]''', David Solfiell<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://http://www.umass.edu/schiffman/ Schiffman Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Streptavidin]]''', Katrina Rieger<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.biochem.umass.edu/faculty/danny-j-schnell Schnell Lab]<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Tic40]]''', Mine Canakci<br /> <br /> <br /> Tew Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/HIV Tat]]''', Brittany deRonde<br /> <br /> <br /> Thayumanavan Lab<br /> : '''[[Interleukin-1 beta]]''', Huan He<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Lysozyme ]]''', Daniella Gonzalez<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Beta-galactosidase]]''', Judy Ventura<br /> : '''[[User:Krishna Reddy Ragupathi|Molecular Playground/Carbonic Anhydrase]]''', Krishna Reddy Raghupathi<br /> : '''[[User:Rami Rajasekhar Reddy|Molecular Playground/Avidin]]''', Rami Rajasekar Reddy<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Biotin binding avidin]]''', Diego Amado <br /> : '''[[User:Jiaming Zhuang|Molecular Playground/MMP12]]''', Jiaming Zhuang<br /> : ''' [[User:Jing Guo|Molecular Playground/Gluconase]]''', Jing Guo<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Glutathione Reductase]]''', Reuben Chacko<br /> <br /> <br /> Thayumanavan & Vachet Labs<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Trypsin]]''', Gladys Murage<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://people.chem.umass.edu/thompson/index.html Thompson Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Complex]]''', Elizabeth R. Haglin, Maryam Kashefi<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/CheA]]''', Elizabeth R. Haglin<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Receptors]]''', Lynmarie K. Thompson, Shiela M. Jones<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Cytoplasmic domain of chemoreceptor of Thermotoga maritima]]''', Xuni Li<br /> <br /> <br /> [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~vachet/index.html Vachet Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Human Serum Albumin]]''', Mahalia Serrano ''*Revised 2014*''<br /> : '''[[Molecular playground/beta 2 microglobulin]]''', Nick Borotto '''Best CBI Molecule Jmol scenes 2010'''<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Myoglobin]]''', Yuping Zhou <br /> :'''[[Molecular Playground/ Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase]]''', Shaynah Browne<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Ubiquitin salt bridge discussion]]''', Zhe Zhang<br /> <br /> <br /> Other Molecules of interest<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/PcrA Helicase]]''', Luis E Ramirez-Tapia, [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]<br /> <br /> <br /> Other Laboratories<br /> <br /> :'''[[Molecular Playground/4'-PHOSPHOPANTETHEINYL TRANSFERASE (Sfp)]]''', Jon Amoroso, Gitanjeli Prasad, Lawrence Sheringham Borketey, Schnarr lab<br /> : '''[[6-deoxyerythronolide_B_synthase_(DEBS)|Molecular Playground/6-Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase]]''', Tsung-Yi Lin, Jon Amoroso, Lawrence Sheringham Borketey, Schnarr lab<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ACP apo]]''', Gitanjeli Prasad, Schnarr lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor]]''', Meili Yang, Weis lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2011]]''', Joe White, David Griffi, Bhatia Lab<br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/Poly(ethylene glycol)]]''', Erika M. Saffer, Bhatia Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/YKL-40]]''', Ralph A. Francescone III, [http://www.bio.umass.edu/mcb/faculty/Shao.html Shao Lab]<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/BLG|Molecular Playground/β-lactoglobulin]]''', Daniel Seeman, Dubin Lab<br /> <br /> : '''[[Molecular Playground/ADAM13]]''', Genevieve Abbruzzese, Alfandari Lab<br /> <br /> ==Instructions==<br /> <br /> '''The goal is for students to work collaboratively to create one excellent CBI Molecule for each CBI research group, to be featured on the CBI website.'''<br /> <br /> Fall 2014: Complete steps 1-3 before the CBI Molecule Workshop on 11/19; bring your computer to the CBI Molecule Workshop in ISB 321. You will be able to start work on your CBI Molecule at the workshop. You should plan to stay and finish your molecule after the workshop (or as soon as possible) while the instructions and ideas are fresh in your mind.<br /> <br /> A successful CBI Molecule is an interesting, nontechnical description of a molecule related to your group's research. It should tell an interesting story with few words and many green scenes. Green scenes should be clear and attractive illustrations that tell your story. It's great if you can end with a brief statement about how it relates to your group's research goals.<br /> <br /> 1. If you don't already have one, request a Proteopedia account and log in. <br /> <br /> 2. Read through the rest of the instructions, do the tutorials below, and look at any existing CBI Molecules from your research group. Talk with other CBI students in your research group and decide how you will collaborate to make an improved CBI Molecule related to your group's research. Develop ideas for the scenes that each of you will make.<br /> <br /> 3. Get started working in Proteopedia. Make yourself a sandbox page: Enter "User:Your Name/Sandbox 1" (omit quotes) in the search box, then follow instructions to edit this page. Practice entering text, inserting a structure window with scrolling text (green 4-square button on the right), and creating a green scene. Explore the HELP links below to learn how to make a green scene. You can look at other Proteopedia pages in edit mode to see how different effects (like colored text) are achieved (but this won't show you how the scene effects are made). <br /> <br /> '''Complete the above steps before the CBI Molecule Workshop.'''<br /> <br /> 4. When editing an existing CBI Molecule, leave the original intact and make a copy that you will edit so that it retains the full author list of all authors that contributed. You are encouraged to collaborate on the CBI Molecules, but everyone will need to log in as themself and create a green scene to get credit for their work and to appear as authors on the final list. If you are the sole student from your group enrolled in Chalk Talk and have not previously made a CBI Molecule, try to convince another group member who has previously made a CBI Molecule (see list above) to join us for the workshop so that you can work together.<br /> <br /> 5. Your final pages should be called "Molecular Playground/your molecule" and should have links on this CBI Molecule page -- put the new ones first on the list from your research group. Label them "in progress" until you are finished, and then "new 2014" or "revised 2014". Minimize text; tell your story with green scenes!<br /> <br /> 6. When your CBI Molecule is complete, send Lynmarie an email to nominate a cool scene/clever caption you would like to feature at the Molecular Playground (include a link to your CBI Molecule, name of the green scene, and caption).<br /> <br /> ==Links to HELP pages==<br /> Overview at [[Help:Contents ]]<br /> <br /> See also [[Help:Getting_Started_in_Proteopedia]] <br /> <br /> Videos showing how to use Proteopedia:<br /> [[Proteopedia:Video_Guide]]<br /> (Sometimes slow -- if you pause the video and wait awhile it will download and then you can play it without interruptions)<br /> <br /> [[Proteopedia:DIY:Scenes|Proteopedia Scenes: Do It Yourself]]<br /> gives succinct step by step instructions on how to create a molecular scene.<br /> <br /> A powerpoint-like set of slides that walks a user through the process of creating a new page and a new molecular scene/green link.<br /> [http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/images/1/1b/2009_07_13_Proteopedia_Workshop.pdf Proteopedia Workshop Slides]<br /> <br /> [[Proteopedia:Guidelines for Ethical Writing]].<br /> Please pay attention to the section about images. There are links to examples of images re-used with explicit permission.<br /> <br /> For other help resources, click on [[Help:Contents|Help]] in the ''navigation'' box at the upper left of every page in Proteopedia.</div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Taxol&diff=2075980 Molecular Playground/Taxol 2014-12-04T20:36:46Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div><applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> [[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2' /><br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using the compound methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075974 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T20:05:44Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div><applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> [[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2' /><br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using the compound methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075969 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:53:49Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div><applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> [[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/ ><br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using the compound methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075968 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:49:15Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div><applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> [[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075967 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:46:32Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene>Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075966 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:45:58Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene>Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075965 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:45:19Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> ==Mechanism of action==<br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <applet size=350 frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075964 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:30:39Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075963 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:29:58Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075962 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:29:17Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems <ref>PMID: 24497113</ref> <ref>PMID: 22926031</ref> <ref>PMID: 24909837</ref>. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075961 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:24:33Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Plants in their natural environment cannot flee from non-ideal conditions, so they rely on an intricate defense system (i.e., stress response) characterized by the synthesis of secondary products that enhance survivability. During this defense response, energy flux shifts from metabolism conserved across species (i.e., growth) to specialized metabolic pathways that include compounds such as paclitaxel (Taxus spp.) <ref>PMID: 25063984</ref> It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway in response to a 'stress' on the tree. In culture, this stress response can be induced using a compound called methyl jasmonate <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref>. Methyl jasmonate is a largely conserved activator of specialized metabolic pathways across many plant systems. It has been shown that methyl jasmonate participates in a positive feedback biosynthetic pathway, implying that adding the compound to culture will result in the production of more methyl jasmonate and therefore an increased downstream stress response <ref>PMID: 11572481</ref>.<br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075960 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:17:46Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is a specialized metabolic product, meaning that it is not essential for growth (as in conserved metabolism. It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref><br /> <Structure load='1JFF' size = '350' frame = 'true' align = 'left' caption = 'Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' scene='60/609785/Tubulin/2'/><br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075959 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:12:10Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is a specialized metabolic product, meaning that it is not essential for growth (as in conserved metabolism. It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref><br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' /> <scene name='60/609785/Tubulin/2'>Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin</scene><br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[300,225]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075958 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T19:09:33Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> <br /> <applet size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> ==Production==<br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is a specialized metabolic product, meaning that it is not essential for growth (as in conserved metabolism. It is produced through an intricate metabolic pathway <ref>PMID: 22059985</ref><br /> <br /> <applet size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' /> <scene name='60/609785/Tubulin/2'>Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin</scene><br /> <br /> ==Docetaxel==<br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2075957 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-12-04T18:48:25Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>[[Image:Paclitaxel.png|frame|Paclitaxel (Taxol, Bristol-Myers Squibb)]]<br /> [[Image:Docetaxel.png|frame|Docetaxel (Taxotere, Sanofi-aventis)]]<br /> <br /> <br /> Paclitaxel is one of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].<br /> <br /> Paclitaxel, also called Taxol (Bristol-Myers Squibb), is a plant derived anti-cancer agent that was first isolated from the bark of Pacific yew tree, ''Taxus brevifolia'', in 1971. It is a complex diterpenoid with a bulky, fused ring system as well as a number of hydrophobic substituents. Approved by the FDA in 1992, it is currently being used in the treatment of ovarian, breast and lung cancers. In addition, therapies are being developed for treatment of Alzheimer's and post-heart surgery patients. <br /> <br /> Originally, paclitaxel was produced through the extraction of the drug from the bark of ''Taxus'' trees. This process was unsustainable because nearly 40,000 mature trees were required to meet the demands for the drug each year. A semi-synthetic route was developed and utilized for paclitaxel production using Taxol precursors, which can be extracted from the needles of ''Taxus'' trees. This process is more sustainable because the ''Taxus'' needles can be harvested depending on their seasonal availability without the destruction of the tree, but the process uses harsh, expensive solvents and has a low product yield. In 2004, the production of paclitaxel through plant cell culture was approved by the FDA. This was the first plant cell culture production route approved for the production of a pharmaceutical. Currently, [http://www.bms.com/pages/default.aspx Bristol-Myers Squibb] is producing paclitaxel for pharmaceutical use solely through the sustainable plant cell culture process.<br /> <br /> Docetaxel (Taxotere, sanofi-aventis) is a semi-synthetic analog of Taxol that was discovered during the search for a more easily produced taxane anti-cancer agent. The hydroxyl group modification on docetaxel leads to an increase in the lipid solubility of the drug. It was first approved by the FDA in 1996 and is currently used in the treatment of breast, stomach and prostate cancer. Currently, Taxotere is produced from paclitaxel precursors which are extracted from ''Taxus brevifolia'', the readily available Wester Yew.<br /> <br /> Both Taxol and Taxotere bind to cell microtubules, promoting their assembly into bundles and preventing cell mitosis. This eventually leads to the death of the cells. Although the mechanism of action for both drugs is the same, Taxotere has been found to be twice as potent as Taxol.<br /> <br /> <applet size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel (also known as Taxol)' /> <scene name='Rohan_Patil/Sandbox1/Taxol/6'>Paclitaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Paclitaxel (Taxol),a plant-derived natural product to treat cancer"<br /> <br /> <applet size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='right'<br /> caption='Docetaxel(also known as Taxotere)' /> <scene name='Molecular_Playground/Taxol/Docetaxel/4'>Docetaxel</scene><br /> <br /> Molecular Playground Banner: "Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analaog of the plant derived anti-cancer agent paclitaxel"<br /> <br /> <applet size='[450,338]' frame='true' align='left'<br /> caption='Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin' /> <scene name='60/609785/Tubulin/2'>Paclitaxel binding to alpha-beta tubulin</scene></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2065595 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-11-19T18:04:34Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>==Methyl Jasmonate==<br /> <StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''><br /> This is a default text for your page '''Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the &lt; and &gt; signs.<br /> You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.<br /> <br /> == Function ==<br /> <br /> == Disease ==<br /> test<br /> <scene name='60/609785/Tubulin/1'>TextToBeDisplayed</scene><br /> == Relevance ==<br /> <br /> == Structural highlights ==<br /> <br /> This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.<br /> <br /> </StructureSection><br /> == References ==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2065496 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-11-19T17:28:45Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: </p> <hr /> <div>==Methyl Jasmonate==<br /> <StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''><br /> This is a default text for your page '''Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the &lt; and &gt; signs.<br /> You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.<br /> <br /> == Function ==<br /> <br /> == Disease ==<br /> <br /> == Relevance ==<br /> <br /> == Structural highlights ==<br /> <br /> This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.<br /> <br /> </StructureSection><br /> == References ==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Elizabeth_Cummings/sandbox_1&diff=2065484 Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1 2014-11-19T17:27:24Z

<p>Elizabeth Cummings: New page: ==Your Heading Here (maybe something like 'Structure')== <StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''> This is a default text for you...</p> <hr /> <div>==Your Heading Here (maybe something like 'Structure')==<br /> <StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''><br /> This is a default text for your page '''Elizabeth Cummings/sandbox 1'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the &lt; and &gt; signs.<br /> You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.<br /> <br /> == Function ==<br /> <br /> == Disease ==<br /> <br /> == Relevance ==<br /> <br /> == Structural highlights ==<br /> <br /> This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.<br /> <br /> </StructureSection><br /> == References ==<br /> <references/></div>

Elizabeth Cummings