
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>https://proteopedia.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Joe+White</id>
	<title>Proteopedia - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://proteopedia.org/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Joe+White"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/Special:Contributions/Joe_White"/>
	<updated>2026-09-14T22:28:26Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.43.8</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=CBI_Molecules&amp;diff=1329723</id>
		<title>CBI Molecules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=CBI_Molecules&amp;diff=1329723"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T20:40:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;These are molecules under study by members of the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program].&lt;br /&gt;
Many of the  molecules we study are featured at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground] (see also [[Molecular Playground|Molecular Playground in Proteopedia]]). Follow the links below to read nontechnical descriptions, in Proteopedia, of these molecules.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
UMass CBI Members, add your molecules to the list (which is alphabetical by CBI research mentor); follow the instructions below the list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s great to build on a previous entry, but you must leave the earlier one intact and make a copy that you improve and mark as new.  Later we will retain the new one with a merged author list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fall 2011: New entries are due 12/16/11. Please append the designation (new Fall 2011) to your new entries. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Molecules==&lt;br /&gt;
Bhatia Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2011]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Joe White, David Griffin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2010]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Joe White, David Griffin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Poly(ethylene glycol)]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Erika M. Saffer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://chamberslab.com/wp/ Chambers Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Glutamate Receptor]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Amanda Hussey, Steve McCarron, Rosie Combs-Bachmann, Mariel Feliciano&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://openwetware.org/wiki/Chien Chien Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Hexameric ClpX]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Joanne Lau &lt;br /&gt;
:: Best CBI Molecule 2011&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Forbes Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/CheR]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Miaomin Zhang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/RBP]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Jan Panteli&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/TRAIL]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Charley Swofford&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.biochem.umass.edu/garman/index.html Garman Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Human Protective Protein Cathepsin A]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Yadilette Rivera-Colon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Human PPCA]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Nilima Kolli&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.chem.umass.edu/gieraschlab/ Gierasch Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[CRABP I ( Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein )|Molecular Playground/CRABP I]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Kristine Faye Pobre, Mylene Ferrolino,Mangai Periasamy&lt;br /&gt;
:: Best Overall CBI Molecule 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.chem.umass.edu/jhardy/ Hardy Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-7 Dynamics]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-9 Regulation]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Kristen Huber&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 (new)]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Elih Velazquez&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Influenza A M2 transmembrane domain]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Samantha Nicholls&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Dengue Virus Protease]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Muslum Yildiz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hebert Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Saposin C]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Abla Tannous&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular_Playground/ERMan1]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Johan Sunryd&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.biochem.umass.edu/aheuck/aph.html Heuck Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular_Playground/Pcr H]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Fabian Romano&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kaltashov Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Velaglucerase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Adriana Kita &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Knapp lab&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
:&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain (PHD) Enzyme]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Cristina Martin&lt;br /&gt;
:: Best CBI Molecule Proteopedia Page 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/FIH]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Cornelius Taabazuing, Breanne Holmes, John Hangasky&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNAP Conformations]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Luis E. Ramirez-Tapia &lt;br /&gt;
:: Best CBI Molecule 2011&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNA Polymerase (7 mer int)]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Ankit Vahia&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ Roberts Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Taxol]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Rohan Patil, Sarah Wilson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Insulin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Whitney Stoppel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.umass.edu/rotellogroup/ Rotello Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Reverse transcriptase|Molecular Playground/Reverse Transcriptase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Daniel Moyano-Marino&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Rui Tang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular playground/Chymotrypsin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Brad&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Targeting Peptide]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, David Solfiell&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Schnarr Lab &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[6-deoxyerythronolide_B_synthase_(DEBS)|Molecular Playground/6-Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Tsung-Yi Lin, Jon Amoroso&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/ACP apo]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Gitanjeli Prasad&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thayumanavan Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Lysozyme ]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Daniella Gonzalez&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Beta-galactosidase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Judy Ventura&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User:Krishna Reddy Ragupathi|Molecular Playground/Carbonic Anhydrase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Krishna Reddy Raghupathi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User:Rami Rajasekhar Reddy|Molecular Playground/Avidin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Rami Rajasekar Reddy&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Biotin binding avidin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Diego Amado &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User:Jiaming Zhuang|Molecular Playground/MMP12]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Jiaming Zhuang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039; [[User:Jing Guo|Molecular Playground/Gluconase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Jing Guo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Glutathione Reductase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Reuben Chacko&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thayumanavan &amp;amp; Vachet Labs&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Trypsin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Gladys Murage&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.chem.umass.edu/thompson/index.html Thompson] &amp;amp; [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~rmweis/weislab/ Weis] Labs&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Receptors]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Lynmarie K. Thompson, Shiela M. Jones&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Meili Yang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.chem.umass.edu/~vachet/index.html Vachet Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular playground/beta 2 microglobulin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Nick Borotto&lt;br /&gt;
:: Best CBI Molecule Jmol scenes 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Myoglobin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Yuping Zhou &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
:&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/ Copper-Zinc Superoxide Dismutase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Shaynah Browne&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other Molecules of interest&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/PcrA Helicase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Luis E Ramirez-Tapia, [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other Laboratories&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/YKL-40]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Ralph A. Francescone III, [http://www.bio.umass.edu/mcb/faculty/Shao.html Shao Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/BLG|Molecular Playground/β-lactoglobulin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Daniel Seeman, Dubin Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/ADAM13]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Genevieve Abbruzzese, Alfandari Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Instructions==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Congratulations to the prize-winning CBI molecules noted above! These also provide great examples to follow. Another prize for best CBI Molecule page and/or scene will be awarded in summer 2012!&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fall 2011: Complete steps 1-4 by 12/1/11, in preparation for the CBI Molecule Workshop.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Choose a molecule that is part of your research project. If someone in your group has already made a page for your research molecule, you can improve on that previous entry. You must leave the previously created page intact and make a copy that you improve and mark as new.  Later we will retain the new one with a merged author list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. If you don&#039;t already have one, request a Proteopedia account and log in. If you are new to Proteopedia, click Help in the navigation box on the left to get started.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. Make yourself a sandbox page in which you will develop your CBI Molecule scene and description  (Enter &amp;quot;User:Your Name/Sandbox 1&amp;quot; (omit quotes) in the search box, then follow instructions to edit this page. See example [[User:Lynmarie K Thompson/Sandbox 1]]). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. Follow the format of the sample CBI molecule page [[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Receptors]]. Easiest way to do this is to copy this page (in editing mode), paste it into your sandbox page, keep the first paragraph about CBI molecules, and then edit to describe and display your molecule. Your goal is to make this an interesting, nontechnical description of the molecule. If multiple people in one group work on the same molecule, you can each make different scenes for the same CBI molecule and each describe them on the same proteopedia page. Talk with each other about your plans so you are not duplicating efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. Add a link to your sandbox page at [[Sandbox_CBI]] (CBI Molecules in Progress).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. Create an attractive scene for your molecule: use the scene authoring tools in the edit mode to create the view you like, then copy the wiki text into your window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6. Choose a &amp;quot;green scene&amp;quot; on your Proteopedia page to suggest for display at the Molecular Playground and specify a &amp;quot;banner&amp;quot; which will be projected with the molecule. This should be a short, one-line headline for your scene that includes the name of the molecule and what is important about the scene or the molecule. Remember to design this for the general public, including non-scientists. My example is: &amp;quot;Molecular Playground banner: A bacterial chemotaxis receptor protein used by bacteria to &amp;quot;smell&amp;quot; their environment.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7. When you are happy with your sandbox page, make yourself a permanent Proteopedia page, which will be editable by others. Enter &amp;quot;Molecular Playground/your molecule&amp;quot; (omit quotes) in the search box, then follow the instructions to create a new page with this title. Copy the content of your sandbox to this new page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8. When you have finished the final version of your page and scene, edit this CBI Molecules page to add a listing and link for your molecule, following the  examples above, and be sure to mark it as NEW FALL 2011. If you are improving a previously created page, leave the old one intact and make a copy that you improve and mark as new.  Later we will retain the new one with a merged author list. When multiple authors contribute to a Molecular Playground page, please indicate your scene with your initials. Please link the lab names to web pages too.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Links to HELP pages==&lt;br /&gt;
Videos showing how to use Proteopedia:&lt;br /&gt;
[[Proteopedia:Video_Guide]]&lt;br /&gt;
(Sometimes slow -- if you pause the video and wait awhile it will download and then you can play it without interruptions)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Proteopedia:DIY:Scenes|Proteopedia Scenes: Do It Yourself]]&lt;br /&gt;
gives succinct step by step instructions on how to create a molecular scene.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A powerpoint-like set of slides that walks a user through the process of creating a new page and a new molecular scene/green link.&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/images/1/1b/2009_07_13_Proteopedia_Workshop.pdf Proteopedia Workshop Slides]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Proteopedia:Guidelines for Ethical Writing]].&lt;br /&gt;
Please pay attention to the section about images. There are links to examples of images re-used with explicit permission.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
For other help resources, click on [[Help:Contents|Help]] in the &#039;&#039;navigation&#039;&#039; box at the upper left of every page in Proteopedia.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate-Fall2011&amp;diff=1329722</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2011</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate-Fall2011&amp;diff=1329722"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T20:37:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: New page: Alginate monomers  One of the CBI Molecules being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface P...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Alginatenetworka.png||400px|left|thumb| Alginate hydrogel microstructure example (G units make the egg-box shapes; M units are shown as linear end chains). This example has a very high G/M ratio]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Joe_White/Sandbox_2&amp;diff=1329721</id>
		<title>User:Joe White/Sandbox 2</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Joe_White/Sandbox_2&amp;diff=1329721"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T20:33:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Alginatenetworka.png||400px|left|thumb| Alginate hydrogel microstructure example (G units make the egg-box shapes; M units are shown as linear end chains). This example has a very high G/M ratio]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=File:Alginatenetworka.png&amp;diff=1329720</id>
		<title>File:Alginatenetworka.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=File:Alginatenetworka.png&amp;diff=1329720"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T20:18:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: Example of alginate network&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Example of alginate network&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Sandbox_CBI&amp;diff=1329683</id>
		<title>Sandbox CBI</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Sandbox_CBI&amp;diff=1329683"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T18:06:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;br /&gt;
Please use the &amp;quot;3D&amp;quot; button above this box to insert a Jmol applet (molecule) on this page.&lt;br /&gt;
Or use the four-green-boxes-button to insert scrollable text adjacent&lt;br /&gt;
to a Jmol applet. Check out the other buttons as well! &lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
   &lt;br /&gt;
This page is for links to CBI Molecules in Progress (user sandbox pages).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Ketan_Mathavan/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Brittany_deRonde/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Heidi_Hu/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Xuni_Li/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Gustavo_Elberto_Epalza_Sanchez/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Scott_Eron/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Jing_Liu/Sandbox_1&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Sandbox_CBI&amp;diff=1329547</id>
		<title>Sandbox CBI</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Sandbox_CBI&amp;diff=1329547"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T17:26:57Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;!-- &lt;br /&gt;
Please use the &amp;quot;3D&amp;quot; button above this box to insert a Jmol applet (molecule) on this page.&lt;br /&gt;
Or use the four-green-boxes-button to insert scrollable text adjacent&lt;br /&gt;
to a Jmol applet. Check out the other buttons as well! &lt;br /&gt;
--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
   &lt;br /&gt;
This page is for links to CBI Molecules in Progress (user sandbox pages).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Ketan_Mathavan/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Brittany_deRonde/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Heidi_Hu/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Xuni_Li/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Gustavo_Elberto_Epalza_Sanchez/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Scott_Eron/Sandbox1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Jing_Liu/Sandbox_1&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/User:Joe_White/Sandbox_2&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Joe_White/Sandbox_2&amp;diff=1329543</id>
		<title>User:Joe White/Sandbox 2</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Joe_White/Sandbox_2&amp;diff=1329543"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T17:15:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: New page: Alginate monomers  One of the CBI Molecules being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface P...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=CBI_Molecules&amp;diff=1220340</id>
		<title>CBI Molecules</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=CBI_Molecules&amp;diff=1220340"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T16:35:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;These are molecules under study by members of the [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program].&lt;br /&gt;
Many of the  molecules we study are featured at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground]. Follow the links below to read nontechnical descriptions in Proteopedia.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
UMass CBI Members, add your molecules to the list (which is alphabetical by CBI research mentor); follow the instructions below the list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
It&#039;s great to build on a previous entry, but you must leave the earlier one intact and make a copy that you improve and mark as new.  Later we will retain the new one with a merged author list.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Fall 2010: New entries are due 12/10/10. Please append the designation (new Fall 2010) to your new entries. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Spring 2011: New entries are due 5/4/11. Please append the designation (new Spring 2011) to your new entries&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Bhatia Lab&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Alginate]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, David Griffin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2010]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Joe White, David Griffin (new Fall 2010)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://chamberslab.com/wp/ Chambers Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Glutamate Receptor]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Amanda Hussey, Steve McCarron, Rosie Combs-Bachmann, Mariel Feliciano&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://openwetware.org/wiki/Chien Chien Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Hexameric ClpX]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Joanne Lau (new Fall 2010)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Forbes Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/TRAIL]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Charley Swofford&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.biochem.umass.edu/garman/index.html Garman Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Human Protective Protein Cathepsin A]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Yadilette Rivera-Colon&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Human PPCA]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Nilima Kolli&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.chem.umass.edu/gieraschlab/ Gierasch Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[CRABP I ( Cellular Retinoic Acid Binding Protein )|Molecular Playground/CRABP I]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Kristine Faye Pobre, Mylene Ferrolino,Mangai Periasamy&lt;br /&gt;
:: Best Overall CBI Molecule 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.chem.umass.edu/jhardy/ Hardy Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-7 Dynamics]]&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-9 Regulation]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Kristen Huber&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Caspase-6 (new)]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Elih Velazquez&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Influenza A M2 transmembrane domain]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Samantha Nicholls&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Dengue Virus Protease]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Muslum Yildiz&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hebert Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular_Playground/ERMan1]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Johan Sunryd&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Kaltashov Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Velaglucerase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Adriana Kita &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Knapp lab&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;br /&gt;
:&#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain (PHD) Enzyme]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Cristina Martin&lt;br /&gt;
:: Best CBI Molecule Proteopedia Page 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/FIH]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Cornelius Taabazuing, Breanne Holmes, John Hangasky&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/T7 RNA Polymerase (7 mer int)]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Ankit Vahia&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://robertsgroup.ecs.umass.edu/ Roberts Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Taxol]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Rohan Patil, Sarah Wilson&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Insulin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Whitney Stoppel&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.umass.edu/rotellogroup/ Rotello Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Reverse transcriptase|Molecular Playground/Reverse Transcriptase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Daniel Moyano-Marino&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Pancreatic Lipase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Rui Tang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular playground/Chymotrypsin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Brad&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Targeting Peptide]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, David Solfiell&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Schnarr Lab &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[6-deoxyerythronolide_B_synthase_(DEBS)|Molecular Playground/6-Deoxyerythronolide B Synthase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Tsung-Yi Lin, Jon Amoroso&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/ACP apo]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Gitanjeli Prasad&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thayumanavan Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Lysozime ]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Daniella Gonzalez&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Beta-galactosidase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Judy Ventura&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User:Krishna Reddy Ragupathi|Molecular Playground/Carbonic Anhydrase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Krishna Reddy Raghupathi&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User:Rami Rajasekhar Reddy|Molecular Playground/Avidin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Rami Rajasekar Reddy&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Biotin binding avidin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Diego Amado &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[User:Jiaming Zhuang|Molecular Playground/MMP12]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Jiaming Zhuang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039; [[User:Jing Guo|Molecular Playground/Gluconase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Jing Guo&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Glutathione Reductase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Reuben Chacko&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Thayumanavan &amp;amp; Vachet Labs&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Trypsin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Gladys Murage&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://people.chem.umass.edu/thompson/index.html Thompson] &amp;amp; [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~rmweis/weislab/ Weis] Labs&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Receptors]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Lynmarie K. Thompson, Shiela M. Jones&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Meili Yang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.chem.umass.edu/~vachet/index.html Vachet Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular playground/beta 2 microglobulin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Nick Borotto&lt;br /&gt;
:: Best CBI Molecule Jmol scenes 2010&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/Myoglobin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;,  Yuping Zhou &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other Molecules of interest&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/PcrA Helicase]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Luis E Ramirez-Tapia, [http://www.chem.umass.edu/~cmartin/ Martin Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other Laboratories&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/YKL-40]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Ralph A. Francescone III, [http://www.bio.umass.edu/mcb/faculty/Shao.html Shao Lab]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/BLG|Molecular Playground/β-lactoglobulin]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Daniel Seeman, Dubin Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
: &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Molecular Playground/ADAM13]]&#039;&#039;&#039;, Genevieve Abbruzzese, Alfandari Lab&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Instructions:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Congratulations to the prize-winning CBI molecules noted above! These also provide great examples to follow. Another prize for best CBI Molecules page and/or scene will be awarded in spring 2011!&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Choose a molecule that is part of your research project.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. If you don&#039;t already have one, request a Proteopedia account and log in. If you are new to Proteopedia, click Help in the navigation box on the left to get started.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. Make yourself a sandbox page in which you will develop your CBI Molecule scene and description  (Enter &amp;quot;User:your name/sandbox 1&amp;quot; (omit quotes) in the search box, then follow instructions to edit this page. See example [[User:Lynmarie K Thompson/Sandbox 1]]). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. Follow the format of the sample CBI molecule page [[Molecular Playground/Bacterial Chemotaxis Receptors]]. Easiest way to do this is to copy this page (in editing mode), paste it into your sandbox page, keep the first paragraph about CBI molecules, and then edit to describe and display your molecule. Your goal is to make this an interesting, nontechnical description of the molecule. If multiple people in one group work on the same molecule, you can each make different scenes for the same CBI molecule and each describe them on the same proteopedia page. Talk with each other about your plans so you are not duplicating efforts.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. Create an attractive scene for your molecule: use the scene authoring tools in the edit mode to create the view you like, then copy the wiki text into your window.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. Choose a &amp;quot;green scene&amp;quot; on your Proteopedia page to suggest for display at the Molecular Playground and specify a &amp;quot;banner&amp;quot; which will be projected with the molecule. This should be a short, one-line headline for your scene that includes the name of the molecule and what is important about the scene or the molecule. Remember to design this for the general public, including non-scientists. My example is: &amp;quot;Molecular Playground banner: A bacterial chemotaxis receptor protein used by bacteria to &amp;quot;smell&amp;quot; their environment.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6. When you are happy with your sandbox page, make yourself a permanent Proteopedia page, which will be editable by others. Enter &amp;quot;Molecular Playground/your molecule&amp;quot; (omit quotes) in the search box, then follow the instructions to create a new page with this title. Copy the content of your sandbox to this new page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7. When you have finished the final version of your page and scene, edit this CBI Molecules page to add a listing and link for your molecule, following the  &amp;quot;Bacterial chemotaxis receptors&amp;quot; example above. Please list your lab group, with your name in parentheses. That way more than one name can be associated with a Molecular Playground page (if there are several students on the Molecular Playground page, please indicate your scene with your initials). It would be great to link the lab names to web pages too.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate-Fall2010&amp;diff=1220268</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate-Fall2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate-Fall2010&amp;diff=1220268"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:52:44Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: New page: Alginate monomers  One of the CBI Molecules being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface P...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Joe_White/Sandbox_1&amp;diff=1220267</id>
		<title>Joe White/Sandbox 1</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Joe_White/Sandbox_1&amp;diff=1220267"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:46:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: New page: Alginate monomers  One of the CBI Molecules being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface P...&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220266</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220266"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:43:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a biomaterial for cellular engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, magnesium, etc.) chemically cross-links alginate solutions forming a gel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source.  The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate-newFall2010&amp;diff=1220265</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate-newFall2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate-newFall2010&amp;diff=1220265"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:42:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: Molecular Playground/Alginate-newFall2010 moved to Molecular Playground/Alginate over redirect: Need to revert back in order to create the new updated page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Molecular Playground/Alginate]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220264</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220264"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:42:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: Molecular Playground/Alginate-newFall2010 moved to Molecular Playground/Alginate over redirect: Need to revert back in order to create the new updated page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220262</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220262"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:37:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: Molecular Playground/Alginate moved to Molecular Playground/Alginate-newFall2010: Page updated by new author&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220261</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1220261"/>
		<updated>2011-03-29T14:30:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a natural, linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate. The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms and locations. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155273</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155273"/>
		<updated>2010-12-09T17:18:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate.  The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=File:Jmol2.mol&amp;diff=1155259</id>
		<title>File:Jmol2.mol</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=File:Jmol2.mol&amp;diff=1155259"/>
		<updated>2010-12-09T16:28:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Valosin_Containing_Protein_D120&amp;diff=1155254</id>
		<title>Valosin Containing Protein D120</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Valosin_Containing_Protein_D120&amp;diff=1155254"/>
		<updated>2010-12-09T15:53:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: Removing all content from page&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Joe_White&amp;diff=1155197</id>
		<title>User:Joe White</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=User:Joe_White&amp;diff=1155197"/>
		<updated>2010-12-09T13:59:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;PhD student at the University of Massachusetts Amherst (Chemical engineering, Surita Bhatia research group) and member of the CBI and ICE programs.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155007</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155007"/>
		<updated>2010-12-08T23:43:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate.  The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg|frame|left|Alginate hydrogel on gauze swatch]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=File:PFOB-Alginate_Swatch_Wet_small.jpg&amp;diff=1155006</id>
		<title>File:PFOB-Alginate Swatch Wet small.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=File:PFOB-Alginate_Swatch_Wet_small.jpg&amp;diff=1155006"/>
		<updated>2010-12-08T23:39:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: alginate hydrogel over a gauze swatch&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;alginate hydrogel over a gauze swatch&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155004</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155004"/>
		<updated>2010-12-08T23:13:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) causes the guluronic acid residues to chemically cross-link, and the ensuing entanglements cause the alginate solution to form a hydrogel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source and native climate.  The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155003</id>
		<title>Molecular Playground/Alginate</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://proteopedia.org/index.php?title=Molecular_Playground/Alginate&amp;diff=1155003"/>
		<updated>2010-12-08T22:56:32Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Joe White: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;[[Image:mandg.jpg|frame|Alginate monomers]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the [[CBI Molecules]] being studied in the  [http://www.umass.edu/cbi/ University of Massachusetts Amherst Chemistry-Biology Interface Program] at UMass Amherst and on display at the [http://www.molecularplayground.org/ Molecular Playground].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is a linear, organic polymer isolated from bacteria and algae. It has been shown to be biocompatible (non-toxic to human cells) and has thus found numerous applications as a thickener in food processing and biomaterial for tissue engineering. Owing to its unique physical properties, alginate hydrogels have been used as a scaffold material for building artificial organs, as a dressing for ulcerous wounds and as a vector for the targeted delivery of anti-cancer drugs.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;applet size=&#039;[450,338]&#039; frame=&#039;true&#039; align=&#039;right&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
caption=&#039;Sodium Alginate (24,000 Da)&#039; scene=&#039;User:David_Griffin/Sandbox_1/Alginate_24000da/1&#039;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alginate is composed of a random sequence of mannuronic acid (M) and guluronic acid (G).  Exposure to divalent cations (e.g. calcium, barium, etc.) chemically cross-links alginate solutions forming a gel.  Alginate can vary widely in length, monomeric sequence and G/M ratio depending on the source.  The ratio of G/M in the chain influences the strength of alginate hydrogels and can be tuned by combining alginate obtained from different organisms. The rotating molecule to the right is an example of a short chain of sodium alginate.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Molecular Playground banner: A short, linear chain of sodium alginate.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Joe White</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>