Proteopedia - User contributions [en]

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Stephanie Flores:

{{Sandbox_Reserved_BHall_Chem351_F19}}
==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> Lsd is a carotenoid oxygenases that involve the cleavage of carotenoids (CCOs). LsdA is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] Vanillin is the product from the cleavage of lignostilbene from LsdA.
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral <ref>PMID:19014348</ref>. Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==

Lignostilbene is a <scene name='83/830391/Chain_distingshin/2'>quationary</scene> structure with two identical protein chains working together. The proteins are partially composed of <scene name='83/830391/Alpha_helix/1'>alpha helix's</scene>(Blue) and the majority by <scene name='83/830391/Beta_sheet/1'>Beta-sheets</scene> indicated in red. Together the <scene name='83/830391/Secoundary_structure_together/1'>tertiary</scene> structure work to form its relationship and interactions within itself and other bio-molecular compounds found in the environment.

A <scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> is commonly found in the active site of the protein and binds to the ligand. The triad for LsdA are identified as PHE 59, TYR 101, and LYS 134. The <scene name='83/830391/Ligand_nsl/1'>ligands</scene> are found within the two chains of the protein structure, accompanied by an Iron ion.

A unique structure of the LsdA is the <scene name='83/830391/Rainbow_7blade_beta_propeller/2'>seven-bladed β-propeller</scene> that is found very commonly in CCOs and helps form a funnel-like active site. A few amino acids that interact with the ligand in the <scene name='83/830391/Binding_site/1'>active site</scene> by hydrogen bonding are His 167 in pink, Glu 135 in red, and Phe 308 in indigo. The <scene name='83/830391/Spacefill_of_lignostilbene/1'>spacefill</scene> of the quaternary structure shows the interaction of atoms within the structure and how they fit within each other.
The <scene name='83/830391/Hydrophobic/1'>hydrophobic</scene> regions are shown in grey and the polar regions are in magenta. The interactions of hydrophobicity show how the structure interacts with itself as typically hydrophilic regions are found within the structure and hydrophobic regions become the outer most regions of the protein.

The <scene name='82/823083/Metal_binding_site/1'>metal-binding site</scene> is surrounded by histidines that allow for the Iron ion to be kept in place. The four histidines (HIS 167, HIS 218, HIS 282, and HIS 472) form a tetragonal pyramidal and found in the active site. A cap on the seven-bladed β-propeller helps protect it from the solvent. The ion is delocalized when the hydroxystilbenoid is activated by the enzyme-catalyzed deprotonation of the 4-hydroxy group. It can also form a cation when πelectron density from the scissile double bond redistributes the iron-oxy complex. forming a peroxo-substrate cation intermediate.
</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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2019-12-09T01:47:29Z

Stephanie Flores:

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2019-12-09T01:18:48Z

Stephanie Flores:

{{Sandbox_Reserved_BHall_Chem351_F19}}
==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] Vanillin is the product from the cleavage of lignostilbene from LsdA.
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral <ref>PMID:19014348</ref>. Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==
The <scene name='83/830391/Spacefill_of_lignostilbene/1'>spacefill</scene>

<scene name='83/830391/Rainbow_7blade_beta_propeller/2'>seven-bladed β-propeller</scene>

The <scene name='83/830391/Hydrophobic/1'>hydrophobic</scene> regions are shown in grey and the polar regions are in magenta.
<scene name='83/830391/Binding_site/1'>active site</scene>

Lignostilbene is a <scene name='83/830391/Chain_distingshin/2'>quationary</scene> structure with two identical protein chains working together. The proteins are partially composed of <scene name='83/830391/Alpha_helix/1'>alpha helix's</scene>(Blue) and the majority by <scene name='83/830391/Beta_sheet/1'>Beta-sheets</scene> indicated in red. Together the <scene name='83/830391/Secoundary_structure_together/1'>tertiary</scene> structure work to form its relationship and interactions within itself and other bio-molecular compounds found in the environment.

A <scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> is commonly found in the active site of the protein and binds to the ligand. The triad for LsdA are identified as PHE 59, TYR 101, and LYS 134. The <scene name='83/830391/Ligand_nsl/1'>ligands</scene> are found within the two chains of the protein structure accompanied by an Iron ion.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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Stephanie Flores:

{{Sandbox_Reserved_BHall_Chem351_F19}}
==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] Vanillin is the product from the cleavage of lignostilbene from LsdA.
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral <ref>PMID:19014348</ref>. Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==
The <scene name='83/830391/Spacefill_of_lignostilbene/1'>spacefill</scene>

<scene name='83/830391/Rainbow_7blade_beta_propeller/2'>seven-bladed β-propeller</scene>

The <scene name='83/830391/Hydrophobic/1'>hydrophobic</scene> regions are shown in grey and the polar regions are in magenta.
<scene name='83/830391/Binding_site/1'>active site</scene>

Lignostilbene is a <scene name='83/830391/Chain_distingshin/2'>quationary</scene>structure with two identical proteins working together. The proteins are partially composed of <scene name='83/830391/Alpha_helix/1'>alpha helix's</scene>(Blue) and the majority by <scene name='83/830391/Beta_sheet/1'>Beta-sheets</scene> indicated in red. Together the <scene name='83/830391/Secoundary_structure_together/1'>tertiary</scene> structure work to form its relationship and interactions within itself and other biomolecular compounds found in its environment.

A <scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> is commonly found in the active site of the and binds to the ligand, the proteins amino acids, PHE 59, TYR 101, and LYS 134 are identified as the triad. The <scene name='83/830391/Ligand_nsl/1'>ligands</scene> are found within the two chains of the protein in each Chain.
</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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Stephanie Flores:

β{{Sandbox_Reserved_BHall_Chem351_F19}}
==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] Vanillin is the product from the cleavage of lignostilbene from LsdA.
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral <ref>PMID:19014348</ref>. Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==
<scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> and
<scene name='83/830391/Spacefill_of_lignostilbene/1'>spacefill</scene>

<scene name='83/830391/Rainbow_7blade_beta_propeller/2'>seven-bladed β-propeller</scene>

There are <scene name='83/830391/Ligand_nsl/1'>ligands</scene> in each Chain.
Lignostilbene is a quationary structure with two identical <scene name='83/830391/Chain_distingshin/2'>proteins</scene> working together. The proteins are partially composed of <scene name='83/830391/Alpha_helix/1'>alpha helix</scene>(Blue) and the majority by <scene name='83/830391/Beta_sheet/1'>Beta-sheets</scene> indicated in red.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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2019-12-08T20:59:40Z

Stephanie Flores:

β{{Sandbox_Reserved_BHall_Chem351_F19}}
==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] Vanillin is the product from the cleavage of lignostilbene from LsdA.
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral <ref>PMID:19014348</ref>. Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==
<scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> and
<scene name='83/830391/Spacefill_of_lignostilbene/1'>spacefill</scene>

<scene name='83/830391/Rainbow_7blade_beta_propeller/1'>seven-bladed β-propeller</scene>

There are <scene name='83/830391/Ligand_nsl/1'>ligands</scene> in each Chain.
Lignostilbene is a quationary structure with two identical <scene name='83/830391/Chain_distingshin/2'>proteins</scene> working together. The proteins are partially composed of <scene name='83/830391/Alpha_helix/1'>alpha helix</scene>(Blue) and the majority by <scene name='83/830391/Beta_sheet/1'>Beta-sheets</scene> indicated in red.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral.<ref>Carroll, Andrew; Somerville, Chris (June 2009). "Cellulosic Biofuels". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 60 (1): 165–182. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092125.<ref/> Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==
<scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> and <scene name='82/823083/Nsl_ligand/1'>ligand</scene>.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral.<ref>Carroll, Andrew; Somerville, Chris (June 2009). "Cellulosic Biofuels". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 60 (1): 165–182. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092125.<ref/> Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.
== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==
<scene name='82/823083/6ojttriad/1'>catalytic triad</scene> and <scene name='82/823083/Nsl_ligand/1'>ligand</scene>.

</StructureSection>

----

== References ==
<references/>

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2019-12-01T06:53:19Z

Stephanie Flores:

==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===
[[Image:Lignostilbene cleaving.png]]

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral.<ref>Carroll, Andrew; Somerville, Chris (June 2009). "Cellulosic Biofuels". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 60 (1): 165–182. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092125.<ref/> Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==

</StructureSection>

== References ==
<references/>

File:Lignostilbene cleaving.png

2019-12-01T06:52:48Z

Stephanie Flores:

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== Cleavage of Lignostilbene ===

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral.<ref>Carroll, Andrew; Somerville, Chris (June 2009). "Cellulosic Biofuels". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 60 (1): 165–182. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092125.<ref/> Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.

== Energy Transformation ==
When Phe 59 is substituted with His and Tyr 101 is substituted with Phe, the k (app/cat) decreases in activity by 15-10 folds. The Lys 134 substitution of Met inhibits the enzyme activity. Phenylazophenol inhibits the LsdA-catalyzed cleavage of lignostilbene with a competitive and uncompetitive inhibition.

== Structural highlights ==

</StructureSection>

== References ==
<references/>

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojt' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>

Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is a catalytic enzyme found in bacteria to break down cellulose components.

----

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two vanillin molecules. Vanillin is a member of the benzaldehydes class and plays a role in the plant metabolite<ref>https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Vanillin</ref>. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

===''Lignostilbene''===
[[Image:Lignostilbene svf.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose
=== ''Vanillin'' ===
[[Image:Vanillin.png | thumb]] The lignostilbene is a compound found in cellulose

== Broader Implications ==
Lignocellulosic biomasses have been used for biofuels, mainly bio-ethanol. The abundant avaiability of the raw material make the use of biomasses ideal. With the rise of carbon emission, biomasses can be used to substitue the need for carbon based fuel, as long as, the biomass is carbon neutral.<ref>Carroll, Andrew; Somerville, Chris (June 2009). "Cellulosic Biofuels". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 60 (1): 165–182. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.043008.092125.<ref/> Lignostilbene is the second most abundant raw material.
== Energy Transformation ==

== Structural highlights ==

</StructureSection>

== References ==
<references/>

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File:Lignostilbene svf.png

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File:Vanillin.png

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojr' size='340' side='right' caption='Crystal Structure of Sphingomonas paucimobilis apo-LsdA' scene=''>
This is a default text for your page '''Sandbox reserved 1560'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.
You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''.<ref>PMID:31292192</ref> It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two molecules. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

== Disease ==

== Relevance ==

== Structural highlights ==

This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

</StructureSection>
<scene name='83/830391/Ligand_w_transparent_protein/1'>TextToBeDisplayed</scene>
== References ==
<references/>

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='6ojr' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''>
This is a default text for your page '''Sandbox reserved 1560'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.
You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''. It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two molecules. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

== Disease ==

== Relevance ==

== Structural highlights ==

This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/><ref>PMID:31292192</ref>

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==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''>
This is a default text for your page '''Sandbox reserved 1560'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.
You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.

== Function ==
Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A (LsdA) is an enzyme found in the bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''. It is used to catalyze the substrate, lignostilbene, into two molecules. Lignin is found in the plant cell walls, lignocellulose, and it gives the plant its rigid structure. The depolymerization of the lignin can allow for better use of the plants resources as a source of biofuel.

== Disease ==

== Relevance ==

== Structural highlights ==

This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>

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Stephanie Flores: New page: ==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A Catalyzation== <StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''> This is a default text for your page...

==Lignostilbene-α,β-dioxygenase A Catalyzation==
<StructureSection load='1stp' size='340' side='right' caption='Caption for this structure' scene=''>
This is a default text for your page '''Sandbox reserved 1560'''. Click above on '''edit this page''' to modify. Be careful with the < and > signs.
You may include any references to papers as in: the use of JSmol in Proteopedia <ref>DOI 10.1002/ijch.201300024</ref> or to the article describing Jmol <ref>PMID:21638687</ref> to the rescue.

== Function ==
LsdA is found in bacteria ''Sphingomonas paucimbilis''. The function of the enzyme is to catalyze lignostilbene into two vanillin molecules.

== Disease ==

== Relevance ==

== Structural highlights ==

This is a sample scene created with SAT to <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/1">color</scene> by Group, and another to make <scene name="/12/3456/Sample/2">a transparent representation</scene> of the protein. You can make your own scenes on SAT starting from scratch or loading and editing one of these sample scenes.

</StructureSection>
== References ==
<references/>