View source for 5bqb


==Crystal structure of Norrin, a Wnt signalling activator, Crystal Form III==
<StructureSection load='5bqb' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5bqb]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5bqb]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5BQB OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5BQB FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CIT:CITRIC+ACID'>CIT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5bqb FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5bqb OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5bqb PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5bqb RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5bqb PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5bqb ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NDP_HUMAN NDP_HUMAN] Retinopathy of prematurity;Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy;Coats disease;Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous;Norrie disease. The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.  The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry.
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NDP_HUMAN NDP_HUMAN] Activates the canonical Wnt signaling pathway through FZD4 and LRP5 coreceptor. Plays a central role in retinal vascularization by acting as a ligand for FZD4 that signals via stabilizing beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and activating LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs. Acts in concert with TSPAN12 to activate FZD4 independently of the Wnt-dependent activation of FZD4, suggesting the existence of a Wnt-independent signaling that also promote accumulation the beta-catenin (CTNNB1). May be involved in a pathway that regulates neural cell differentiation and proliferation. Possible role in neuroectodermal cell-cell interaction.
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Wnt signalling regulates multiple processes including angiogenesis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. Norrin (Norrie Disease Protein) is a cystine-knot like growth factor. Although unrelated to Wnt, Norrin activates the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. Signal complex formation involves Frizzled4 (Fz4), low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 5/6 (Lrp5/6), Tetraspanin-12 and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Here, we report crystallographic and small-angle X-ray scattering analyses of Norrin in complex with Fz4 cysteine-rich domain (Fz4CRD), of this complex bound with GAG analogues, and of unliganded Norrin and Fz4CRD. Our structural, biophysical and cellular data, map Fz4 and putative Lrp5/6 binding sites to distinct patches on Norrin, and reveal a GAG binding site spanning Norrin and Fz4CRD. These results explain numerous disease-associated mutations. Comparison with the Xenopus Wnt8-mouse Fz8CRD complex reveals Norrin mimics Wnt for Frizzled recognition. The production and characterization of wild-type and mutant Norrins reported here open new avenues for the development of therapeutics to combat abnormal Norrin/Wnt signalling.

Structure and functional properties of Norrin mimic Wnt for signalling with Frizzled4, Lrp5/6, and proteoglycan.,Chang TH, Hsieh FL, Zebisch M, Harlos K, Elegheert J, Jones EY Elife. 2015 Jul 9;4. doi: 10.7554/eLife.06554. PMID:26158506<ref>PMID:26158506</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 5bqb" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Chang T-H]]
[[Category: Harlos K]]
[[Category: Hsieh F-L]]
[[Category: Jones EY]]