View source for 7moc


==Neurofibromin core==
<StructureSection load='7moc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[7moc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 4.56&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[7moc]] is a 2 chain structure. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=7MOC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7MOC FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=7moc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=7moc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/7moc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=7moc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/7moc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=7moc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NF1_HUMAN NF1_HUMAN]] Defects in NF1 are the cause of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/162200 162200]]; also known as von Recklinghausen syndrome. A disease characterized by patches of skin pigmentation (cafe-au-lait spots), Lisch nodules of the iris, tumors in the peripheral nervous system and fibromatous skin tumors. Individuals with the disorder have increased susceptibility to the development of benign and malignant tumors.<ref>PMID:2114220</ref> <ref>PMID:1302608</ref> <ref>PMID:7981679</ref> <ref>PMID:8081387</ref> <ref>PMID:8544190</ref> <ref>PMID:8834249</ref> <ref>PMID:8807336</ref> <ref>PMID:9003501</ref> <ref>PMID:9150739</ref> <ref>PMID:9101300</ref> <ref>PMID:9298829</ref> <ref>PMID:9668168</ref> <ref>PMID:10336779</ref> <ref>PMID:11258625</ref> <ref>PMID:10220149</ref> <ref>PMID:10712197</ref> <ref>PMID:10607834</ref> <ref>PMID:10980545</ref> <ref>PMID:11735023</ref> <ref>PMID:11857752</ref> <ref>PMID:12522551</ref> <ref>PMID:12552569</ref> <ref>PMID:12746402</ref> <ref>PMID:15523642</ref> <ref>PMID:15146469</ref> <ref>PMID:15060124</ref> <ref>PMID:15520408</ref> <ref>PMID:15948193</ref> <ref>PMID:21838856</ref>   Defects in NF1 are a cause of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/607785 607785]]. JMML is a pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome that constitutes approximately 30% of childhood cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 2% of leukemia. Germline mutations of NF1 account for the association of JMML with type 1 neurofibromatosis (NF1).  Defects in NF1 are the cause of Watson syndrome (WS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/193520 193520]]. WS is characterized by the presence of pulmonary stenosis, cafe-au-lait spots, and mental retardation. WS is considered as an atypical form of NF1.  Defects in NF1 are a cause of familial spinal neurofibromatosis (FSNF) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/162210 162210]]. Familial spinal NF is considered to be an alternative form of neurofibromatosis, showing multiple spinal tumors.<ref>PMID:11704931</ref>   Defects in NF1 are a cause of neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome (NFNS) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601321 601321]]. NFNS is characterized by manifestations of both NF1 and Noonan syndrome (NS). NS is a disorder characterized by dysmorphic facial features, short stature, hypertelorism, cardiac anomalies, deafness, motor delay, and a bleeding diathesis.<ref>PMID:12707950</ref> <ref>PMID:16380919</ref> <ref>PMID:19845691</ref>   Defects in NF1 may be a cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/114500 114500]]. 
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NF1_HUMAN NF1_HUMAN]] Stimulates the GTPase activity of Ras. NF1 shows greater affinity for Ras GAP, but lower specific activity. May be a regulator of Ras activity.<ref>PMID:2121371</ref>  
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Neurofibromin (NF1) mutations cause neurofibromatosis type 1 and drive numerous cancers, including breast and brain tumors. NF1 inhibits cellular proliferation through its guanosine triphosphatase-activating protein (GAP) activity against rat sarcoma (RAS). In the present study, cryo-electron microscope studies reveal that the human ~640-kDa NF1 homodimer features a gigantic 30 x 10 nm array of alpha-helices that form a core lemniscate-shaped scaffold. Three-dimensional variability analysis captured the catalytic GAP-related domain and lipid-binding SEC-PH domains positioned against the core scaffold in a closed, autoinhibited conformation. We postulate that interaction with the plasma membrane may release the closed conformation to promote RAS inactivation. Our structural data further allow us to map the location of disease-associated NF1 variants and provide a long-sought-after structural explanation for the extreme susceptibility of the molecule to loss-of-function mutations. Collectively these findings present potential new routes for therapeutic modulation of the RAS pathway.

The cryo-EM structure of the human neurofibromin dimer reveals the molecular basis for neurofibromatosis type 1.,Lupton CJ, Bayly-Jones C, D'Andrea L, Huang C, Schittenhelm RB, Venugopal H, Whisstock JC, Halls ML, Ellisdon AM Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2021 Dec;28(12):982-988. doi: 10.1038/s41594-021-00687-2., Epub 2021 Dec 9. PMID:34887559<ref>PMID:34887559</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 7moc" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bayly-Jones, C]]
[[Category: Lupton, C J]]
[[Category: Antitumor protein]]
[[Category: Autoinhibition]]
[[Category: Heat repeat]]
[[Category: Ras-gap]]
[[Category: Scaffold]]