View source for 2xul


==Structure of PII from Synechococcus elongatus in complex with 2- oxoglutarate at high 2-OG concentrations==
<StructureSection load='2xul' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2xul]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2xul]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anacystis_nidulans_r2 Anacystis nidulans r2]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2XUL OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2XUL FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=AKG:2-OXOGLUTARIC+ACID'>AKG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ATP:ADENOSINE-5-TRIPHOSPHATE'>ATP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><div style='overflow: auto; max-height: 3em;'>[[2xg8|2xg8]], [[1qy7|1qy7]], [[2xun|2xun]], [[2xbp|2xbp]], [[2jj4|2jj4]], [[2v5h|2v5h]]</div></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2xul FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2xul OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2xul PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2xul RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2xul PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2xul ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GLNB_SYNE7 GLNB_SYNE7]] P-II indirectly controls the transcription of the GS gene (glnA). P-II prevents NR-II-catalyzed conversion of NR-I to NR-I-phosphate, the transcriptional activator of glnA. When P-II is phosphorylated, these events are reversed. In nitrogen-limiting conditions, when the ratio of Gln to 2-ketoglutarate decreases, P-II is phosphorylated which allows the deadenylation of glutamine synthetase (GS), thus activating the enzyme. 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
P(II) proteins control key processes of nitrogen metabolism in bacteria, archaea, and plants in response to the central metabolites ATP, ADP, and 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG), signaling cellular energy and carbon and nitrogen abundance. This metabolic information is integrated by P(II) and transmitted to regulatory targets (key enzymes, transporters, and transcription factors), modulating their activity. In oxygenic phototrophs, the controlling enzyme of arginine synthesis, N-acetyl-glutamate kinase (NAGK), is a major P(II) target, whose activity responds to 2-OG via P(II). Here we show structures of the Synechococcus elongatus P(II) protein in complex with ATP, Mg(2+), and 2-OG, which clarify how 2-OG affects P(II)-NAGK interaction. P(II) trimers with all three sites fully occupied were obtained as well as structures with one or two 2-OG molecules per P(II) trimer. These structures identify the site of 2-OG located in the vicinity between the subunit clefts and the base of the T loop. The 2-OG is bound to a Mg(2+) ion, which is coordinated by three phosphates of ATP, and by ionic interactions with the highly conserved residues K58 and Q39 together with B- and T-loop backbone interactions. These interactions impose a unique T-loop conformation that affects the interactions with the P(II) target. Structures of P(II) trimers with one or two bound 2-OG molecules reveal the basis for anticooperative 2-OG binding and shed light on the intersubunit signaling mechanism by which P(II) senses effectors in a wide range of concentrations.

Mechanism of 2-oxoglutarate signaling by the Synechococcus elongatus PII signal transduction protein.,Fokina O, Chellamuthu VR, Forchhammer K, Zeth K Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Nov 1. PMID:21041661<ref>PMID:21041661</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2xul" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Anacystis nidulans r2]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Chellamuthu, V R]]
[[Category: Fokina, O]]
[[Category: Forchhammer, K]]
[[Category: Zeth, K]]
[[Category: Glnk]]
[[Category: Signaling protein]]