View source for 1de7


==INTERACTION OF FACTOR XIII ACTIVATION PEPTIDE WITH ALPHA-THROMBIN: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX==
<StructureSection load='1de7' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1de7]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1de7]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1DE7 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1DE7 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=0QE:CHLOROMETHANE'>0QE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=AR7:AMINO{[(4S)-4-AMINO-5,5-DIHYDROXYPENTYL]AMINO}METHANIMINIUM'>AR7</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1de7 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1de7 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1de7 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1de7 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1de7 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1de7 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THRB_HUMAN THRB_HUMAN] Defects in F2 are the cause of factor II deficiency (FA2D) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/613679 613679]. It is a very rare blood coagulation disorder characterized by mucocutaneous bleeding symptoms. The severity of the bleeding manifestations correlates with blood factor II levels.<ref>PMID:14962227</ref> <ref>PMID:6405779</ref> <ref>PMID:3771562</ref> <ref>PMID:3567158</ref> <ref>PMID:3801671</ref> <ref>PMID:3242619</ref> <ref>PMID:2719946</ref> <ref>PMID:1354985</ref> <ref>PMID:1421398</ref> <ref>PMID:1349838</ref> <ref>PMID:7865694</ref> <ref>PMID:7792730</ref>   Genetic variations in F2 may be a cause of susceptibility to ischemic stroke (ISCHSTR) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/601367 601367]; also known as cerebrovascular accident or cerebral infarction. A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, is considered to be a highly complex disease consisting of a group of heterogeneous disorders with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors.<ref>PMID:15534175</ref>   Defects in F2 are the cause of thrombophilia due to thrombin defect (THPH1) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/188050 188050]. It is a multifactorial disorder of hemostasis characterized by abnormal platelet aggregation in response to various agents and recurrent thrombi formation. Note=A common genetic variation in the 3-prime untranslated region of the prothrombin gene is associated with elevated plasma prothrombin levels and an increased risk of venous thrombosis.  Defects in F2 are associated with susceptibility to pregnancy loss, recurrent, type 2 (RPRGL2) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/614390 614390]. A common complication of pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion before the fetus has reached viability. The term includes all miscarriages from the time of conception until 24 weeks of gestation. Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as 3 or more consecutive spontaneous abortions.<ref>PMID:11506076</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/THRB_HUMAN THRB_HUMAN] Thrombin, which cleaves bonds after Arg and Lys, converts fibrinogen to fibrin and activates factors V, VII, VIII, XIII, and, in complex with thrombomodulin, protein C. Functions in blood homeostasis, inflammation and wound healing.<ref>PMID:2856554</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/de/1de7_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1de7 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The serine protease thrombin proteolytically activates blood coagulation factor XIII by cleavage at residue Arg(37); factor XIII in turn cross-links fibrin molecules and gives mechanical stability to the blood clot. The 2.0-A resolution x-ray crystal structure of human alpha-thrombin bound to the factor XIII-(28-37) decapeptide has been determined. This structure reveals the detailed atomic level interactions between the factor XIII activation peptide and thrombin and provides the first high resolution view of this functionally important part of the factor XIII molecule. A comparison of this structure with the crystal structure of fibrinopeptide A complexed with thrombin highlights several important determinants of thrombin substrate interaction. First, the P1 and P2 residues must be compatible with the geometry and chemistry of the S1 and S2 specificity sites in thrombin. Second, a glycine in the P5 position is necessary for the conserved substrate conformation seen in both factor XIII-(28-37) and fibrinopeptide A. Finally, the hydrophobic residues, which occupy the aryl binding site of thrombin determine the substrate conformation further away from the catalytic residues. In the case of factor XIII-(28-37), the aryl binding site is shared by hydrophobic residues P4 (Val(34)) and P9 (Val(29)). A bulkier residue in either of these sites may alter the substrate peptide conformation.

Interaction of the factor XIII activation peptide with alpha -thrombin. Crystal structure of its enzyme-substrate analog complex.,Sadasivan C, Yee VC J Biol Chem. 2000 Nov 24;275(47):36942-8. PMID:10956659<ref>PMID:10956659</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1de7" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Factor XIII|Factor XIII]]
*[[Thrombin 3D Structures|Thrombin 3D Structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Sadasivan C]]
[[Category: Yee VC]]