View source for 1pkw


==Crystal structure of human glutathione transferase (GST) A1-1 in complex with glutathione==
<StructureSection load='1pkw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1pkw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.00&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1pkw]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1PKW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1PKW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CSO:S-HYDROXYCYSTEINE'>CSO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GSH:GLUTATHIONE'>GSH</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HED:2-HYDROXYETHYL+DISULFIDE'>HED</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1pkw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1pkw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1pkw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1pkw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1pkw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1pkw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GSTA1_HUMAN GSTA1_HUMAN] Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.<ref>PMID:20606271</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/pk/1pkw_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1pkw ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Human glutathione transferase A1-1 is a well studied enzyme, but despite a wealth of structural and biochemical data a number of aspects of its catalytic function are still poorly understood. Here, five new crystal structures of this enzyme are described that provide several insights. Firstly, the structure of a complex of the wild-type human enzyme with glutathione was determined for the first time at 2.0 angstroms resolution. This reveals that glutathione binds in the G site in a very similar fashion as the glutathione portion of substrate analogues in other structures and also that glutathione binding alone is sufficient to stabilize the C-terminal helix of the protein. Secondly, we have studied the complex with a decarboxylated glutathione conjugate that is known to dramatically decrease the activity of the enzyme. The T68E mutant of human glutathione transferase A1-1 recovers some of the activity that is lost with the decarboxylated glutathione, but our structures of this mutant show that none of the earlier explanations of this phenomenon are likely to be correct. Thirdly, and serendipitously, the apo structures also reveal the conformation of the crucial C-terminal region that is disordered in all previous apo structures. The C-terminal region can adopt an ordered helix-like structure even in the apo state, but shows a strong tendency to unwind. Different conformations of the C-terminal regions were observed in the apo states of the two monomers, which suggests that cooperativity could play a role in the activity of the enzyme.

New crystal structures of human glutathione transferase A1-1 shed light on glutathione binding and the conformation of the C-terminal helix.,Grahn E, Novotny M, Jakobsson E, Gustafsson A, Grehn L, Olin B, Madsen D, Wahlberg M, Mannervik B, Kleywegt GJ Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2006 Feb;62(Pt 2):197-207. Epub 2006, Jan 18. PMID:16421451<ref>PMID:16421451</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1pkw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Glutathione S-transferase 3D structures|Glutathione S-transferase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Grahn E]]
[[Category: Grehn L]]
[[Category: Gustafsson A]]
[[Category: Jakobsson E]]
[[Category: Kleywegt GJ]]
[[Category: Madsen D]]
[[Category: Mannervik B]]
[[Category: Olin B]]
[[Category: Wahlberg M]]