View source for 1so0


==Crystal structure of human galactose mutarotase complexed with galactose==
<StructureSection load='1so0' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1so0]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1so0]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1SO0 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1SO0 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GAL:BETA-D-GALACTOSE'>GAL</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1so0 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1so0 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1so0 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1so0 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1so0 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1so0 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GALM_HUMAN GALM_HUMAN] Mutarotase converts alpha-aldose to the beta-anomer. It is active on D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-galactose, maltose and lactose (By similarity).<ref>PMID:12753898</ref> <ref>PMID:15026423</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/so/1so0_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1so0 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Galactose mutarotase catalyzes the conversion of beta-d-galactose to alpha-d-galactose during normal galactose metabolism. The enzyme has been isolated from bacteria, plants, and animals and is present in the cytoplasm of most cells. Here we report the x-ray crystallographic analysis of human galactose mutarotase both in the apoform and complexed with its substrate, beta-d-galactose. The polypeptide chain folds into an intricate array of 29 beta-strands, 25 classical reverse turns, and 2 small alpha-helices. There are two cis-peptide bonds at Arg-78 and Pro-103. The sugar ligand sits in a shallow cleft and is surrounded by Asn-81, Arg-82, His-107, His-176, Asp-243, Gln-279, and Glu-307. Both the side chains of Glu-307 and His-176 are in the proper location to act as a catalytic base and a catalytic acid, respectively. These residues are absolutely conserved among galactose mutarotases. To date, x-ray models for three mutarotases have now been reported, namely that described here and those from Lactococcus lactis and Caenorhabditis elegans. The molecular architectures of these enzymes differ primarily in the loop regions connecting the first two beta-strands. In the human protein, there are six extra residues in the loop compared with the bacterial protein for an approximate longer length of 9 A. In the C. elegans protein, the first 17 residues are missing, thereby reducing the total number of beta-strands by one.

Molecular structure of human galactose mutarotase.,Thoden JB, Timson DJ, Reece RJ, Holden HM J Biol Chem. 2004 May 28;279(22):23431-7. Epub 2004 Mar 16. PMID:15026423<ref>PMID:15026423</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1so0" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Galactose mutarotase|Galactose mutarotase]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Holden HM]]
[[Category: Reece RJ]]
[[Category: Thoden JB]]
[[Category: Timson DJ]]