View source for 1u19


==Crystal Structure of Bovine Rhodopsin at 2.2 Angstroms Resolution==
<StructureSection load='1u19' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1u19]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1u19]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bos_taurus Bos taurus]. The March 2012 RCSB PDB [https://pdb.rcsb.org/pdb/static.do?p=education_discussion/molecule_of_the_month/index.html Molecule of the Month] feature on ''Rhodopsin''  by David Goodsell is [https://dx.doi.org/10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2012_3 10.2210/rcsb_pdb/mom_2012_3]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1U19 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1U19 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.2&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACE:ACETYL+GROUP'>ACE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=BMA:BETA-D-MANNOSE'>BMA</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HG:MERCURY+(II)+ION'>HG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HTG:HEPTYL+1-THIOHEXOPYRANOSIDE'>HTG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HTO:HEPTANE-1,2,3-TRIOL'>HTO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MAN:ALPHA-D-MANNOSE'>MAN</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NAG:N-ACETYL-D-GLUCOSAMINE'>NAG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PLM:PALMITIC+ACID'>PLM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=RET:RETINAL'>RET</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1u19 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1u19 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1u19 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1u19 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1u19 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1u19 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/OPSD_BOVIN OPSD_BOVIN] Photoreceptor required for image-forming vision at low light intensity. Required for photoreceptor cell viability after birth. Light-induced isomerization of 11-cis to all-trans retinal triggers a conformational change leading to G-protein activation and release of all-trans retinal (By similarity).<ref>PMID:16908857</ref> <ref>PMID:17060607</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/u1/1u19_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1u19 ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A new high-resolution structure is reported for bovine rhodopsin, the visual pigment in rod photoreceptor cells. Substantial improvement of the resolution limit to 2.2 A has been achieved by new crystallization conditions, which also reduce significantly the probability of merohedral twinning in the crystals. The new structure completely resolves the polypeptide chain and provides further details of the chromophore binding site including the configuration about the C6-C7 single bond of the 11-cis-retinal Schiff base. Based on both an earlier structure and the new improved model of the protein, a theoretical study of the chromophore geometry has been carried out using combined quantum mechanics/force field molecular dynamics. The consistency between the experimental and calculated chromophore structures is found to be significantly improved for the 2.2 A model, including the angle of the negatively twisted 6-s-cis-bond. Importantly, the new crystal structure refinement reveals significant negative pre-twist of the C11-C12 double bond and this is also supported by the theoretical calculation although the latter converges to a smaller value. Bond alternation along the unsaturated chain is significant, but weaker in the calculated structure than the one obtained from the X-ray data. Other differences between the experimental and theoretical structures in the chromophore binding site are discussed with respect to the unique spectral properties and excited state reactivity of the chromophore.

The retinal conformation and its environment in rhodopsin in light of a new 2.2 A crystal structure.,Okada T, Sugihara M, Bondar AN, Elstner M, Entel P, Buss V J Mol Biol. 2004 Sep 10;342(2):571-83. PMID:15327956<ref>PMID:15327956</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 1u19" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Rhodopsin 3D structures|Rhodopsin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Bos taurus]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month]]
[[Category: Rhodopsin]]
[[Category: Bondar AN]]
[[Category: Buss V]]
[[Category: Elstner M]]
[[Category: Entel P]]
[[Category: Okada T]]
[[Category: Sugihara M]]