View source for 1vfs


==Crystal structure of D-cycloserine-bound form of alanine racemase from D-cycloserine-producing Streptomyces lavendulae==
<StructureSection load='1vfs' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1vfs]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1vfs]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomyces_lavendulae Streptomyces lavendulae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1VFS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1VFS FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DCS:D-[3-HYDROXY-2-METHYL-5-PHOSPHONOOXYMETHYL-PYRIDIN-4-YLMETHYL]-N,O-CYCLOSERYLAMIDE'>DCS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=KCX:LYSINE+NZ-CARBOXYLIC+ACID'>KCX</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1vfs FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1vfs OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1vfs PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1vfs RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1vfs PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1vfs ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q65YW7_STRLA Q65YW7_STRLA] Catalyzes the interconversion of L-alanine and D-alanine. May also act on other amino acids (By similarity).[HAMAP-Rule:MF_01201]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/vf/1vfs_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1vfs ConSurf].
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Alanine racemase (ALR), an enzyme that catalyzes the interconversion of Ala enantiomers, is essential for the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. We have shown that it is harder to inhibit the catalytic activity of ALR from D-cycloserine (DCS)-producing Streptomyces lavendulae than that from Escherichia coli by DCS. To obtain structural evidence for the fact that Streptomyces ALR displays resistance to DCS, we determined the precise nature of the x-ray crystal structures of the cycloserine-free and cycloserine enantiomer-bound forms of Streptomyces ALR at high resolutions. Streptomyces ALR takes a dimer structure, which is formed by interactions between the N-terminal domain of one monomer with the C-terminal domain of its partner. Each of the two active sites of ALR, which is generated as a result of the formation of the dimer structure, is composed of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the PLP-binding residue Lys(38), and the amino acids in the immediate environment of the pyridoxal cofactor. The current model suggests that each active site of Streptomyces ALR maintains a larger space and takes a more rigid conformation than that of Bacillus stearothermophilus ALR determined previously. Furthermore, we show that Streptomyces ALR results in a slow conversion to a final form of a pyridoxal derivative arising from either isomer of cycloserine, which inhibits the catalytic activity noncompetitively. In fact, the slow conversion is confirmed by the fact that each enzyme bound cycloserine derivative, which is bound to PLP, takes an asymmetric structure.

Structural evidence that alanine racemase from a D-cycloserine-producing microorganism exhibits resistance to its own product.,Noda M, Matoba Y, Kumagai T, Sugiyama M J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 29;279(44):46153-61. Epub 2004 Aug 9. PMID:15302886<ref>PMID:15302886</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 1vfs" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Alanine racemase 3D structures|Alanine racemase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Streptomyces lavendulae]]
[[Category: Kumagai T]]
[[Category: Matoba Y]]
[[Category: Noda M]]
[[Category: Sugiyama M]]