View source for 1xwk


==2.3 angstrom resolution crystal structure of human glutathione S-transferase M1A-1A complexed with glutathionyl-S-dinitrobenzene==
<StructureSection load='1xwk' size='340' side='right'caption='[[1xwk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[1xwk]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=1XWK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1XWK FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GDN:GLUTATHIONE+S-(2,4+DINITROBENZENE)'>GDN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=1xwk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=1xwk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/1xwk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=1xwk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/1xwk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=1xwk ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
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== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GSTM1_HUMAN GSTM1_HUMAN] Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles.<ref>PMID:16548513</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/xw/1xwk_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=1xwk ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
An active site His107 residue distinguishes human glutathione S-transferase hGSTM1-1 from other mammalian Mu-class GSTs. The crystal structure of hGSTM1a-1a with bound glutathione (GSH) was solved to 1.9 A resolution, and site-directed mutagenesis supports the conclusion that a proton transfer occurs in which bound water at the catalytic site acts as a primary proton acceptor from the GSH thiol group to transfer the proton to His107. The structure of the second substrate-binding site (H-site) was determined from hGSTM1a-1a complexed with 1-glutathionyl-2,4-dinitrobenzene (GS-DNB) formed by a reaction in the crystal between GSH and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). In that structure, the GSH-binding site (G-site) is occupied by the GSH moiety of the product in the same configuration as that of the enzyme-GSH complex, and the dinitrobenzene ring is anchored between the side chains of Tyr6, Leu12, His107, Met108, and Tyr115. This orientation suggested a distinct transition state that was substantiated from the structure of hGSTM1a-1a complexed with transition state analogue 1-S-(glutathionyl)-2,4,6-trinitrocyclohexadienate (Meisenheimer complex). Kinetic data for GSTM1a-1a indicate that kcat(CDNB) for the reaction is more than 3 times greater than kcat(FDNB), even though the nonenzymatic second-order rate constant is more than 50-fold greater for 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (FDNB), and the product is the same for both substrates. In addition, Km(FDNB) is about 20 times less than Km(CDNB). The results are consistent with a mechanism in which the formation of the transition state is rate-limiting in the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Data obtained with active-site mutants support transition states in which Tyr115, Tyr6, and His107 side chains are involved in the stabilization of the Meisenheimer complex via interactions with the ortho nitro group of CDNB or FDNB and provide insight into the means by which GSTs adapt to accommodate different substrates.

Transition state model and mechanism of nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions catalyzed by human glutathione S-transferase M1a-1a.,Patskovsky Y, Patskovska L, Almo SC, Listowsky I Biochemistry. 2006 Mar 28;45(12):3852-62. PMID:16548513<ref>PMID:16548513</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Glutathione S-transferase 3D structures|Glutathione S-transferase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Almo SC]]
[[Category: Listowsky I]]
[[Category: Patskovska L]]
[[Category: Patskovsky Y]]