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==Solution Structure of the Frameshift-Inducing RNA Stem-Loop in SIV==
<StructureSection load='2jtp' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2jtp]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2jtp]] is a 1 chain structure. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2JTP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2JTP FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2jtp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2jtp OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2jtp PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2jtp RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2jtp PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2jtp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), like its human homologues (HIV-1, HIV-2), requires a -1 translational frameshift event to properly synthesize all of the proteins required for viral replication. The frameshift mechanism is dependent upon a seven-nucleotide slippery sequence and a downstream RNA structure. In SIV, the downstream RNA structure has been proposed to be either a stem-loop or a pseudoknot. Here, we report the functional, structural and thermodynamic characterization of the SIV frameshift site RNA. Translational frameshift assays indicate that a stem-loop structure is sufficient to promote efficient frameshifting in vitro. NMR and thermodynamic studies of SIV RNA constructs of varying length further support the absence of any pseudoknot interaction and indicate the presence of a stable stem-loop structure. We determined the structure of the SIV frameshift-inducing RNA by NMR. The structure reveals a highly ordered 12 nucleotide loop containing a sheared G-A pair, cross-strand adenine stacking, two G-C base-pairs, and a novel CCC triloop turn. The loop structure and its high thermostability preclude pseudoknot formation. Sequence conservation and modeling studies suggest that HIV-2 RNA forms the same structure. We conclude that, like the main sub-groups of HIV-1, SIV and HIV-2 utilize stable stem-loop structures to function as a thermodynamic barrier to translation, thereby inducing ribosomal pausing and frameshifting.

Programmed ribosomal frameshifting in SIV is induced by a highly structured RNA stem-loop.,Marcheschi RJ, Staple DW, Butcher SE J Mol Biol. 2007 Oct 26;373(3):652-63. Epub 2007 Aug 22. PMID:17868691<ref>PMID:17868691</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Butcher SE]]
[[Category: Marcheschi RJ]]
[[Category: Staple DW]]