View source for 2kns


==Helical Hairpin Structure of Pardaxin in Lipopolysaccharide Micelles: Studied by NMR Spectroscopy==
<StructureSection load='2kns' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2kns]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2kns]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pardachirus_marmoratus Pardachirus marmoratus]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2KNS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2KNS FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2kns FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2kns OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2kns PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2kns RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2kns PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2kns ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PAP4_PARMA PAP4_PARMA] Exhibits unusual shark repellent and surfactant properties. Forms voltage-dependent, ion-permeable channels in membranes. At high concentration causes cell membrane lysis.<ref>PMID:12124282</ref> <ref>PMID:19959835</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is an important element against permeability of bactericidal agents, including antimicrobial peptides. However, structural determinants of antimicrobial peptides for LPS recognition are not clearly understood. Pardaxins (Pa1, Pa2, Pa3, and Pa4) are a group of pore-forming bactericidal peptides found in the mucous glands of sole fishes. Despite having a low net positive charge, pardaxins contain a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities. To elucidate the structural basis of LPS interactions of pardaxins, herein, we report the first three-dimensional structure of Pa4 bound to LPS micelles. The binding kinetics of Pa4 with LPS is estimated using [(15)N-Leu-19] relaxation dispersion NMR experiments. LPS/Pa4 interactions are further characterized by a number of biophysical methods, including isothermal titration calorimetry, (31)P NMR, saturation transfer difference NMR, dynamic light scattering, and IR spectroscopy. In the LPS-Pa4 complex, Pa4 adopts a unique helix-turn-helix conformation resembling a "horseshoe." Interestingly, the LPS-bound structure of Pa4 shows striking differences with the structures determined in lipid micelles or organic solvents. Saturation transfer difference NMR identifies residues of Pa4 that are intimately associated with LPS micelles. Collectively, our results provide mechanistic insights into the outer membrane permeabilization by pardaxin.

NMR structure of pardaxin, a pore-forming antimicrobial peptide, in lipopolysaccharide micelles: mechanism of outer membrane permeabilization.,Bhunia A, Domadia PN, Torres J, Hallock KJ, Ramamoorthy A, Bhattacharjya S J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 5;285(6):3883-95. Epub 2009 Dec 3. PMID:19959835<ref>PMID:19959835</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2kns" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Pardachirus marmoratus]]
[[Category: Bhattacharjya S]]
[[Category: Bhunia A]]
[[Category: Ramamoorthy A]]