View source for 2n1c


==Structure of PvHCt, an antimicrobial peptide from shrimp litopenaeus vannamei==
<StructureSection load='2n1c' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2n1c]]' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2n1c]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penaeus_vannamei Penaeus vannamei]. Full experimental information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2N1C OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2N1C FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Solution NMR</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2n1c FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2n1c OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2n1c PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2n1c RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2n1c PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2n1c ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A059TFW7_PENVA A0A059TFW7_PENVA] 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
BACKGROUND: Hemocyanins are respiratory proteins with multiple functions. In diverse crustaceans hemocyanins can release histidine-rich antimicrobial peptides in response to microbial challenge. In penaeid shrimp, strictly antifungal peptides are released from the C-terminus of hemocyanins. METHODS: The three-dimensional structure of the antifungal peptide PvHCt from Litopenaeus vannamei was determined by NMR. Its mechanism of action against the shrimp pathogen Fusarium oxysporum was investigated using immunochemistry, fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: PvHCt folded into an amphipathic alpha-helix in membrane-mimicking media and displayed a random conformation in aqueous environment. In contact with F. oxysporum, PvHCt bound massively to the surface of fungal hyphae without being imported into the cytoplasm. At minimal inhibitory concentrations, PvHCt made the fungal membrane permeable to SYTOX-green and fluorescent dextran beads of 4kDa. Higher size beads could not enter the cytoplasm. Therefore, PvHCt likely creates local damages to the fungal membrane. While the fungal cell wall appeared preserved, gradual degeneration of the cytoplasm most often resulting in cell lysis was observed in fungal spores and hyphae. In the remaining fungal cells, PvHCt induced a protective response by the formation of daughter hyphae. CONCLUSION: The massive accumulation of PvHCt at the surface of fungal hyphae and subsequent insertion into the plasma membrane disrupt its integrity as a permeability barrier, leading to disruption of internal homeostasis and fungal death. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: The histidine-rich antimicrobial peptide PvHCt derived from shrimp hemocyanin is a strictly antifungal peptide, which adopts an amphipathic alpha-helical structure, and selectively binds to and permeabilizes fungal cells.

A hemocyanin-derived antimicrobial peptide from the penaeid shrimp adopts an alpha-helical structure that specifically permeabilizes fungal membranes.,Petit VW, Rolland JL, Blond A, Cazevieille C, Djediat C, Peduzzi J, Goulard C, Bachere E, Dupont J, Destoumieux-Garzon D, Rebuffat S Biochim Biophys Acta. 2016 Mar;1860(3):557-68. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.12.010., Epub 2015 Dec 17. PMID:26708991<ref>PMID:26708991</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 2n1c" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Penaeus vannamei]]
[[Category: Bachere E]]
[[Category: Blond A]]
[[Category: Destoumieux-Garzon D]]
[[Category: Djediat C]]
[[Category: Dupont J]]
[[Category: Goulard C]]
[[Category: Peduzzi J]]
[[Category: Petit VW]]
[[Category: Rebuffat S]]
[[Category: Rolland JL]]