View source for 2p1u

==Crystal structure of the ligand binding domain of the retinoid X receptor alpha in complex with 3-(2'-ethoxy)-tetrahydronaphtyl cinnamic acid and a fragment of the coactivator TIF-2==
<StructureSection load='2p1u' size='340' side='right' caption='[[2p1u]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.20&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2p1u]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human Human]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2P1U OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2P1U FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><scene name='pdbligand=4TN:(2E)-3-[3-(3-ETHOXY-5,5,8,8-TETRAMETHYL-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRONAPHTHALEN-2-YL)-4-HYDROXYPHENYL]ACRYLIC+ACID'>4TN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='related'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Related_structure|Related:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">[[1lbd|1lbd]], [[1fby|1fby]], [[1mvc|1mvc]], [[1xdk|1xdk]], [[2p1t|2p1t]], [[2p1v|2p1v]]</td></tr>
<tr id='gene'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Gene|Gene:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat">RXRA, NR2B1 ([http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&srchmode=5&id=9606 HUMAN])</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-docs/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2p1u FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2p1u OCA], [http://pdbe.org/2p1u PDBe], [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2p1u RCSB], [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2p1u PDBsum]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA2_HUMAN NCOA2_HUMAN]] Note=Chromosomal aberrations involving NCOA2 may be a cause of acute myeloid leukemias. Inversion inv(8)(p11;q13) generates the KAT6A-NCOA2 oncogene, which consists of the N-terminal part of KAT6A and the C-terminal part of NCOA2/TIF2. KAT6A-NCOA2 binds to CREBBP and disrupts its function in transcription activation. 
== Function ==
[[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RXRA_HUMAN RXRA_HUMAN]] Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.<ref>PMID:10195690</ref> <ref>PMID:11162439</ref> <ref>PMID:11915042</ref> <ref>PMID:20215566</ref>  [[http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/NCOA2_HUMAN NCOA2_HUMAN]] Transcriptional coactivator for steroid receptors and nuclear receptors. Coactivator of the steroid binding domain (AF-2) but not of the modulating N-terminal domain (AF-1). Required with NCOA1 to control energy balance between white and brown adipose tissues.<ref>PMID:9430642</ref>  
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/p1/2p1u_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2p1u ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Retinoid X receptors (RXRalpha, -beta, and -gamma) occupy a central position in the nuclear receptor superfamily, because they form heterodimers with many other family members and hence are involved in the control of a variety of (patho)physiologic processes. Selective RXR ligands, referred to as rexinoids, are already used or are being developed for cancer therapy and have promise for the treatment of metabolic diseases. However, important side effects remain associated with existing rexinoids. Here we describe the rational design and functional characterization of a spectrum of RXR modulators ranging from partial to pure antagonists and demonstrate their utility as tools to probe the implication of RXRs in cell biological phenomena. One of these ligands renders RXR activity particularly sensitive to coactivator levels and has the potential to act as a cell-specific RXR modulator. A combination of crystallographic and fluorescence anisotropy studies reveals the molecular details accounting for the agonist-to-antagonist transition and provides direct experimental evidence for a correlation between the pharmacological activity of a ligand and its impact on the structural dynamics of the activation helix H12. Using RXR and its cognate ligands as a model system, our correlative analysis of 3D structures and dynamic data provides an original view on ligand actions and enables the establishment of mechanistic concepts, which will aid in the development of selective nuclear receptor modulators.

Modulators of the structural dynamics of the retinoid X receptor to reveal receptor function.,Nahoum V, Perez E, Germain P, Rodriguez-Barrios F, Manzo F, Kammerer S, Lemaire G, Hirsch O, Royer CA, Gronemeyer H, de Lera AR, Bourguet W Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 30;104(44):17323-8. Epub 2007 Oct 18. PMID:17947383<ref>PMID:17947383</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2p1u" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Retinoid X receptor|Retinoid X receptor]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Human]]
[[Category: Bourguet, W]]
[[Category: Nahoum, V]]
[[Category: Hormone receptor]]
[[Category: Protein-ligand complex]]