View source for 2phy


==PHOTOACTIVE YELLOW PROTEIN, DARK STATE (UNBLEACHED)==
<StructureSection load='2phy' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2phy]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.40&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2phy]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halorhodospira_halophila Halorhodospira halophila]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2PHY OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2PHY FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.4&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HC4:4-HYDROXYCINNAMIC+ACID'>HC4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2phy FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2phy OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2phy PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2phy RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2phy PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2phy ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PYP_HALHA PYP_HALHA] Photoactive blue light protein. Probably functions as a photoreceptor for a negative phototaxis response.
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/ph/2phy_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2phy ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
A photosensing protein directs light energy captured by its chromophore into a photocycle. The protein's structure must accommodate the photocycle and promote the resulting chemical or conformational changes that lead to signal transduction. The 1.4 A crystallographic structure of photoactive yellow protein, determined by multiple isomorphous replacement methods, provides the first view at atomic resolution of a protein with a photocycle. The alpha/beta fold, which differs from the original chain tracing, shows striking similarity to distinct parts of the signal transduction proteins profilin and the SH2 domain. In the dark state structure of photoactive yellow protein, the novel 4-hydroxycinnamyl chromophore, covalently attached to Cys69, is buried within the major hydrophobic core of the protein and is tethered at both ends by hydrogen bonds. In the active site, the yellow anionic form of the chromophore is stabilized by hydrogen bonds from the side chains of Tyr42 and buried Glu46 to the phenolic oxygen atom and by electrostatic complementarity with the positively charged guanidinium group of Arg52. Thr50 further interlocks Tyr42, Glu46, and Arg52 through a network of active site hydrogen bonds. Arg52, located in a concavity of the protein surface adjacent to the dominant patch of negative electrostatic potential, shields the chromophore from solvent and is positioned to form a gateway for the phototactic signal. Overall, the high-resolution structure of photoactive yellow protein supports a mechanism whereby electrostatic interactions create an active site poised for photon-induced rearrangements and efficient protein-mediated signal transduction.

1.4 A structure of photoactive yellow protein, a cytosolic photoreceptor: unusual fold, active site, and chromophore.,Borgstahl GE, Williams DR, Getzoff ED Biochemistry. 1995 May 16;34(19):6278-87. PMID:7756254<ref>PMID:7756254</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2phy" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Halorhodospira halophila]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Borgstahl GEO]]
[[Category: Getzoff ED]]