View source for 2wao


==Structure of a family two carbohydrate esterase from Clostridium thermocellum in complex with cellohexaose==
<StructureSection load='2wao' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2wao]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2wao]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetivibrio_thermocellus Acetivibrio thermocellus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2WAO OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2WAO FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.8&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=BGC:BETA-D-GLUCOSE'>BGC</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FMT:FORMIC+ACID'>FMT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PRD_900016:beta-cellopentaose'>PRD_900016</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2wao FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2wao OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2wao PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2wao RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2wao PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2wao ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CELE_ACET2 CELE_ACET2] Multifunctional enzyme involved in the degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides. Displays endoglucanase activity against carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and barley beta-glucan (PubMed:3066698, PubMed:1991028). Also catalyzes the deacetylation of acetylated birchwood xylan and glucomannan, with a preference for the latter, and of the synthetic substrate 4-nitrophenyl acetate (4-NPAc) (PubMed:19338387).<ref>PMID:19338387</ref> <ref>PMID:1991028</ref> <ref>PMID:3066698</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/wa/2wao_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2wao ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Multifunctional proteins, which play a critical role in many biological processes, have typically evolved through the recruitment of different domains that have the required functional diversity. Thus the different activities displayed by these proteins are mediated by spatially distinct domains, consistent with the specific chemical requirements of each activity. Indeed, current evolutionary theory argues that the colocalization of diverse activities within an enzyme is likely to be a rare event, because it would compromise the existing activity of the protein. In contrast to this view, a potential example of multifunctional recruitment into a single protein domain is provided by CtCel5C-CE2, which contains an N-terminal module that displays cellulase activity and a C-terminal module, CtCE2, which exhibits a noncatalytic cellulose-binding function but also shares sequence identity with the CE2 family of esterases. Here we show that, unlike other CE2 members, the CtCE2 domain displays divergent catalytic esterase and noncatalytic carbohydrate binding functions. Intriguingly, these diverse activities are housed within the same site on the protein. Thus, a critical component of the active site of CtCE2, the catalytic Ser-His dyad, in harness with inserted aromatic residues, confers noncatalytic binding to cellulose whilst the active site of the domain retains its esterase activity. CtCE2 catalyses deacetylation of noncellulosic plant structural polysaccharides to deprotect these substrates for attack by other enzymes. Yet it also acts as a cellulose-binding domain, which promotes the activity of the appended cellulase on recalcitrant substrates. The CE2 family encapsulates the requirement for multiple activities by biocatalysts that attack challenging macromolecular substrates, including the grafting of a second, powerful and discrete noncatalytic binding functionality into the active site of an enzyme. This article provides a rare example of "gene sharing," where the introduction of a second functionality into the active site of an enzyme does not compromise the original activity of the biocatalyst.

The active site of a carbohydrate esterase displays divergent catalytic and noncatalytic binding functions.,Montanier C, Money VA, Pires VM, Flint JE, Pinheiro BA, Goyal A, Prates JA, Izumi A, Stalbrand H, Morland C, Cartmell A, Kolenova K, Topakas E, Dodson EJ, Bolam DN, Davies GJ, Fontes CM, Gilbert HJ PLoS Biol. 2009 Mar 31;7(3):e71. PMID:19338387<ref>PMID:19338387</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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==See Also==
*[[Glucanase 3D structures|Glucanase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Acetivibrio thermocellus]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bolam DN]]
[[Category: Davies GJ]]
[[Category: Dodson EJ]]
[[Category: Flint JE]]
[[Category: Fontes CMGA]]
[[Category: Gilbert HJ]]
[[Category: Goyal A]]
[[Category: Izumi A]]
[[Category: Kolenova K]]
[[Category: Money VA]]
[[Category: Montainer C]]
[[Category: Pinheiro BA]]
[[Category: Pires VMR]]
[[Category: Prates JAM]]
[[Category: Stalbrand H]]
[[Category: Topakas E]]