View source for 2wuz


==X-ray structure of CYP51 from Trypanosoma cruzi in complex with fluconazole in alternative conformation==
<StructureSection load='2wuz' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2wuz]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.35&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2wuz]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypanosoma_cruzi Trypanosoma cruzi]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2WUZ OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2WUZ FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.35&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=TPF:2-(2,4-DIFLUOROPHENYL)-1,3-DI(1H-1,2,4-TRIAZOL-1-YL)PROPAN-2-OL'>TPF</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2wuz FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2wuz OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2wuz PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2wuz RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2wuz PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2wuz ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP51_TRYCC CP51_TRYCC] Catalyzes C14-demethylation of lanosterol which is critical for ergosterol biosynthesis. It transforms lanosterol into 4,4'-dimethyl cholesta-8,14,24-triene-3-beta-ol (By similarity). Favors C4 dimethylated substrates, the substrate preference order is 24-methylenedihydrolanosterol > 24,25-dihydrolanosterol > lanosterol > obtusifoliol > norlanosterol.<ref>PMID:16321980</ref> [UniProtKB:P0A512]
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/wu/2wuz_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview03.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2wuz ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
BACKGROUND: Chagas Disease is the leading cause of heart failure in Latin America. Current drug therapy is limited by issues of both efficacy and severe side effects. Trypansoma cruzi, the protozoan agent of Chagas Disease, is closely related to two other major global pathogens, Leishmania spp., responsible for leishmaniasis, and Trypansoma brucei, the causative agent of African Sleeping Sickness. Both T. cruzi and Leishmania parasites have an essential requirement for ergosterol, and are thus vulnerable to inhibitors of sterol 14alpha-demethylase (CYP51), which catalyzes the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol. Clinically employed anti-fungal azoles inhibit ergosterol biosynthesis in fungi, and specific azoles are also effective against both Trypanosoma and Leishmania parasites. However, modification of azoles to enhance efficacy and circumvent potential drug resistance has been problematic for both parasitic and fungal infections due to the lack of structural insights into drug binding. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have determined the crystal structures for CYP51 from T. cruzi (resolutions of 2.35 A and 2.27 A), and from the related pathogen T. brucei (resolutions of 2.7 A and 2.6 A), co-crystallized with the antifungal drugs fluconazole and posaconazole. Remarkably, both drugs adopt multiple conformations when binding the target. The fluconazole 2,4-difluorophenyl ring flips 180 degrees depending on the H-bonding interactions with the BC-loop. The terminus of the long functional tail group of posaconazole is bound loosely in the mouth of the hydrophobic substrate binding tunnel, suggesting that the major contribution of the tail to drug efficacy is for pharmacokinetics rather than in interactions with the target. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The structures provide new insights into binding of azoles to CYP51 and mechanisms of potential drug resistance. Our studies define in structural detail the CYP51 therapeutic target in T. cruzi, and offer a starting point for rationally designed anti-Chagasic drugs with improved efficacy and reduced toxicity.

Structural characterization of CYP51 from Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei bound to the antifungal drugs posaconazole and fluconazole.,Chen CK, Leung SS, Guilbert C, Jacobson MP, McKerrow JH, Podust LM PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2010 Apr 6;4(4):e651. PMID:20386598<ref>PMID:20386598</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Trypanosoma cruzi]]
[[Category: Chen C-K]]
[[Category: Guilbert C]]
[[Category: Jacobson M]]
[[Category: Leung SSF]]
[[Category: McKerrow JH]]
[[Category: Podust LM]]