View source for 2xh4


==Engineering the enolase active site pocket: Crystal structure of the S39A D321A mutant of yeast enolase 1==
<StructureSection load='2xh4' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2xh4]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.70&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2xh4]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2XH4 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2XH4 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.7&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=2PG:2-PHOSPHOGLYCERIC+ACID'>2PG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2xh4 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2xh4 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2xh4 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2xh4 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2xh4 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2xh4 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ENO1_YEAST ENO1_YEAST] 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/xh/2xh4_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=2xh4 ConSurf].
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<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
The glycolytic enzyme enolase catalyzes the reversible elimination of water from 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PGA) to form phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP). Two magnesium ions in the active site are thought to facilitate the reaction by activation of the C2 proton of 2-PGA and charge stabilization of the intermediate. The initial abstraction of a proton from a carboxylic acid is common to all members of the enolase superfamily, yet in all other known members of this superfamily, only one magnesium ion (MgI) per active site is sufficient to promote catalysis. We wanted to further investigate the importance of the second magnesium ion (MgII) for the catalytic mechanism of yeast enolase 1. Toward this end, we removed all MgII coordinating residues and replaced substrate-MgII interactions by introducing positively charged side chains. High-resolution crystal structures and activity assays show that the introduced positively charged side chains effectively prohibit MgII binding but fail to promote catalysis. We conclude that enolase is inactive without MgII, yet control mutants without additional positively charged side chains retain basal enolase activity through binding of magnesium to 2-PGA in an open active site without the help of MgII coordinating residues. Thus, we believe that ancestral enolase activity might have evolved in a member of the enolase superfamily that provides only the necessary catalytic residues and the binding site for MgI. Additionally, precatalytic binding of 2-PGA to the apo state of enolase was observed.

Engineering the Enolase Magnesium II Binding Site: Implications for Its Evolution.,Schreier B, Hocker B Biochemistry. 2010 Aug 17. PMID:20690637<ref>PMID:20690637</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2xh4" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Enolase 3D structures|Enolase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]
[[Category: Hocker B]]
[[Category: Schreier B]]