View source for 2xoa


==Crystal Structure of the N-terminal three domains of the skeletal muscle Ryanodine Receptor (RyR1)==
<StructureSection load='2xoa' size='340' side='right'caption='[[2xoa]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[2xoa]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oryctolagus_cuniculus Oryctolagus cuniculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=2XOA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2XOA FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=2xoa FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=2xoa OCA], [https://pdbe.org/2xoa PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=2xoa RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/2xoa PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=2xoa ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR1_RABIT RYR1_RABIT] Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering muscle contraction following depolarization of T-tubules. Repeated very high-level exercise increases the open probability of the channel and leads to Ca(2+) leaking into the cytoplasm. Can also mediate the release of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores in neurons, and may thereby promote prolonged Ca(2+) signaling in the brain. Required for normal embryonic development of muscle fibers and skeletal muscle. Required for normal heart morphogenesis, skin development and ossification during embryogenesis (By similarity).<ref>PMID:10388749</ref> <ref>PMID:22036948</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Many physiological events require transient increases in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations. Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are ion channels that govern the release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in RyRs can lead to severe genetic conditions that affect both cardiac and skeletal muscle, but locating the mutated residues in the full-length channel structure has been difficult. Here we show the 2.5 A resolution crystal structure of a region spanning three domains of RyR type 1 (RyR1), encompassing amino acid residues 1-559. The domains interact with each other through a predominantly hydrophilic interface. Docking in RyR1 electron microscopy maps unambiguously places the domains in the cytoplasmic portion of the channel, forming a 240-kDa cytoplasmic vestibule around the four-fold symmetry axis. We pinpoint the exact locations of more than 50 disease-associated mutations in full-length RyR1 and RyR2. The mutations can be classified into three groups: those that destabilize the interfaces between the three amino-terminal domains, disturb the folding of individual domains or affect one of six interfaces with other parts of the receptor. We propose a model whereby the opening of a RyR coincides with allosterically coupled motions within the N-terminal domains. This process can be affected by mutations that target various interfaces within and across subunits. The crystal structure provides a framework to understand the many disease-associated mutations in RyRs that have been studied using functional methods, and will be useful for developing new strategies to modulate RyR function in disease states.

The amino-terminal disease hotspot of ryanodine receptors forms a cytoplasmic vestibule.,Tung CC, Lobo PA, Kimlicka L, Van Petegem F Nature. 2010 Nov 3. PMID:21048710<ref>PMID:21048710</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 2xoa" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Ryanodine receptor|Ryanodine receptor]]
*[[Ryanodine receptor 3D structures|Ryanodine receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Oryctolagus cuniculus]]
[[Category: Kimlicka L]]
[[Category: Lobo PA]]
[[Category: Tung C]]
[[Category: Van Petegem F]]