View source for 3a61


==Crystal structure of unphosphorylated p70S6K1 (Form II)==
<StructureSection load='3a61' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3a61]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.43&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3a61]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3A61 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3A61 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.43&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=STU:STAUROSPORINE'>STU</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3a61 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3a61 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3a61 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3a61 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3a61 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3a61 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KS6B1_HUMAN KS6B1_HUMAN] Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression. Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD. Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex. Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) leads to dissociation from the EIF3 complex and activation. The active form then phosphorylates and activates several substrates in the preinitiation complex, including the EIF2B complex and the cap-binding complex component EIF4B. Also controls translation initiation by phosphorylating a negative regulator of EIF4A, PDCD4, targeting it for ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis. Promotes initiation of the pioneer round of protein synthesis by phosphorylating POLDIP3/SKAR. In response to IGF1, activates translation elongation by phosphorylating EEF2 kinase (EEF2K), which leads to its inhibition and thus activation of EEF2. Also plays a role in feedback regulation of mTORC2 by mTORC1 by phosphorylating RICTOR, resulting in the inhibition of mTORC2 and AKT1 signaling. Mediates cell survival by phosphorylating the pro-apoptotic protein BAD and suppressing its pro-apoptotic function. Phosphorylates mitochondrial URI1 leading to dissociation of a URI1-PPP1CC complex. The free mitochondrial PPP1CC can then dephosphorylate RPS6KB1 at 'Thr-412', which is proposed to be a negative feedback mechanism for the RPS6KB1 anti-apoptotic function. Mediates TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance by phosphorylating IRS1 at multiple serine residues, resulting in accelerated degradation of IRS1. In cells lacking functional TSC1-2 complex, constitutively phosphorylates and inhibits GSK3B. May be involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement through binding to neurabin.<ref>PMID:11500364</ref> <ref>PMID:12801526</ref> <ref>PMID:15341740</ref> <ref>PMID:15071500</ref> <ref>PMID:14673156</ref> <ref>PMID:16286006</ref> <ref>PMID:17052453</ref> <ref>PMID:17053147</ref> <ref>PMID:17936702</ref> <ref>PMID:18952604</ref> <ref>PMID:19085255</ref> <ref>PMID:19720745</ref> <ref>PMID:19995915</ref> <ref>PMID:19935711</ref> 
== Evolutionary Conservation ==
[[Image:Consurf_key_small.gif|200px|right]]
Check<jmol>
  <jmolCheckbox>
    <scriptWhenChecked>; select protein; define ~consurf_to_do selected; consurf_initial_scene = true; script "/wiki/ConSurf/a6/3a61_consurf.spt"</scriptWhenChecked>
    <scriptWhenUnchecked>script /wiki/extensions/Proteopedia/spt/initialview01.spt</scriptWhenUnchecked>
    <text>to colour the structure by Evolutionary Conservation</text>
  </jmolCheckbox>
</jmol>, as determined by [http://consurfdb.tau.ac.il/ ConSurfDB]. You may read the [[Conservation%2C_Evolutionary|explanation]] of the method and the full data available from [http://bental.tau.ac.il/new_ConSurfDB/main_output.php?pdb_ID=3a61 ConSurf].
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K) is a downstream effector of the mTOR signaling pathway involved in cell proliferation, cell growth, cell-cycle progression, and glucose homeostasis. Multiple phosphorylation events within the catalytic, autoinhibitory, and hydrophobic motif domains contribute to the regulation of p70S6K. We report the crystal structures of the kinase domain of p70S6K1 bound to staurosporine in both the unphosphorylated state and in the 3'-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1-phosphorylated state in which Thr-252 of the activation loop is phosphorylated. Unphosphorylated p70S6K1 exists in two crystal forms, one in which the p70S6K1 kinase domain exists as a monomer and the other as a domain-swapped dimer. The crystal structure of the partially activated kinase domain that is phosphorylated within the activation loop reveals conformational ordering of the activation loop that is consistent with a role in activation. The structures offer insights into the structural basis of the 3'-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1-induced activation of p70S6K and provide a platform for the rational structure-guided design of specific p70S6K inhibitors.

Structural basis of human p70 ribosomal S6 kinase-1 regulation by activation loop phosphorylation.,Sunami T, Byrne N, Diehl RE, Funabashi K, Hall DL, Ikuta M, Patel SB, Shipman JM, Smith RF, Takahashi I, Zugay-Murphy J, Iwasawa Y, Lumb KJ, Munshi SK, Sharma S J Biol Chem. 2010 Feb 12;285(7):4587-94. Epub 2009 Oct 28. PMID:19864428<ref>PMID:19864428</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3a61" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 3D structures|Ribosomal protein S6 kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Byrne N]]
[[Category: Diehl RE]]
[[Category: Funabashi K]]
[[Category: Hall DL]]
[[Category: Ikuta M]]
[[Category: Iwasawa Y]]
[[Category: Lumb KJ]]
[[Category: Munshi SK]]
[[Category: Patel SB]]
[[Category: Sharma S]]
[[Category: Shipman JM]]
[[Category: Smith RF]]
[[Category: Sunami T]]
[[Category: Takahashi I]]
[[Category: Zugay-Murphy J]]