View source for 3aln


==Crystal Structure of human non-phosphorylated MKK4 kinase domain complexed with AMP-PNP==
<StructureSection load='3aln' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3aln]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3aln]] is a 3 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3ALN OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ALN FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.3&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ANP:PHOSPHOAMINOPHOSPHONIC+ACID-ADENYLATE+ESTER'>ANP</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3aln FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3aln OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3aln PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3aln RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3aln PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3aln ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/MP2K4_HUMAN MP2K4_HUMAN] Dual specificity protein kinase which acts as an essential component of the MAP kinase signal transduction pathway. Essential component of the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAP/JNK) signaling pathway. With MAP2K7/MKK7, is the one of the only known kinase to directly activate the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK8/JNK1, MAPK9/JNK2 and MAPK10/JNK3. MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 both activate the JNKs by phosphorylation, but they differ in their preference for the phosphorylation site in the Thr-Pro-Tyr motif. MAP2K4 shows preference for phosphorylation of the Tyr residue and MAP2K7/MKK7 for the Thr residue. The phosphorylation of the Thr residue by MAP2K7/MKK7 seems to be the prerequisite for JNK activation at least in response to proinflammatory cytokines, while other stimuli activate both MAP2K4/MKK4 and MAP2K7/MKK7 which synergistically phosphorylate JNKs. MAP2K4 is required for maintaining peripheral lymphoid homeostasis. The MKK/JNK signaling pathway is also involved in mitochondrial death signaling pathway, including the release cytochrome c, leading to apoptosis. Whereas MAP2K7/MKK7 exclusively activates JNKs, MAP2K4/MKK4 additionally activates the p38 MAPKs MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK13 and MAPK14.<ref>PMID:7716521</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
MKK4 activates both JNKs and p38s. We determined the crystal structures of human non-phosphorylated MKK4 kinase domain (npMKK4) complexed with AMP-PNP (npMKK4/AMP) and a ternary complex of npMKK4, AMP-PNP and p38alpha peptide (npMKK4/AMP/p38). These crystal structures revealed that the p38alpha peptide-bound npMKK4 at the allosteric site rather than at the putative substrate binding site and induced an auto-inhibition state. While the activation loop of the npMKK4/AMP complex was disordered, in the npMKK4/AMP/p38 complex it configured a long alpha-helix, which prevented substrate access to the active site and alphaC-helix movement to the active configuration of MKK4.

Crystal structures of MKK4 kinase domain reveal that substrate peptide binds to an allosteric site and induces an auto-inhibition state.,Matsumoto T, Kinoshita T, Kirii Y, Yokota K, Hamada K, Tada T Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Sep 24;400(3):369-73. Epub 2010 Aug 21. PMID:20732303<ref>PMID:20732303</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 3aln" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3D structures|Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Hamada K]]
[[Category: Kinoshita T]]
[[Category: Kirii Y]]
[[Category: Matsumoto T]]
[[Category: Tada T]]
[[Category: Yokota K]]