View source for 3zus


==Crystal structure of an engineered botulinum neurotoxin type A- SNARE23 derivative, LC-A-SNAP23-Hn-A==
<StructureSection load='3zus' size='340' side='right'caption='[[3zus]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.95&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[3zus]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium_botulinum Clostridium botulinum] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=3ZUS OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3ZUS FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.95&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ZN:ZINC+ION'>ZN</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=3zus FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=3zus OCA], [https://pdbe.org/3zus PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3zus RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/3zus PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=3zus ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/SNP23_HUMAN SNP23_HUMAN] Essential component of the high affinity receptor for the general membrane fusion machinery and an important regulator of transport vesicle docking and fusion.[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BXA1_CLOBH BXA1_CLOBH] Inhibits acetylcholine release. The botulinum toxin binds with high affinity to peripheral neuronal presynaptic membrane to the secretory vesicle protein SV2. It binds directly to the largest luminal loop of SV2A, SV2B and SV2C. It is then internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. The C-terminus of the heavy chain (H) is responsible for the adherence of the toxin to the cell surface while the N-terminus mediates transport of the light chain from the endocytic vesicle to the cytosol. After translocation, the light chain (L) hydrolyzes the 197-Gln-|-Arg-198 bond in SNAP-25, thereby blocking neurotransmitter release. Inhibition of acetylcholine release results in flaccid paralysis, with frequent heart or respiratory failure.
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Targeted secretion inhibitors (TSIs) are a new class of engineered biopharmaceutical molecules derived from the botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). They consist of the metalloprotease light chain (LC) and translocation domain (Hn) of BoNT; they thus lack the native toxicity towards motor neurons but are able to target soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment receptor (SNARE) proteins. These functional fragment (LHn) derivatives are expressed as single-chain proteins and require post-translational activation into di-chain molecules for function. A range of BoNT derivatives have been produced to demonstrate the successful use of engineered SNARE substrate peptides at the LC-Hn interface that gives these molecules self-activating capabilities. Alternatively, recognition sites for specific exoproteases can be engineered to allow controlled activation. Here, the crystal structures of three LHn derivatives are reported between 2.7 and 3.0 A resolution. Two of these molecules are derivatives of serotype A that contain a SNARE peptide. Additionally, a third structure corresponds to LHn serotype B that includes peptide linkers at the exoprotease activation site. In all three cases the added engineered segments could not be modelled owing to disorder. However, these structures highlight the strong interactions holding the LHn fold together despite the inclusion of significant polypeptide sequences at the LC-Hn interface.

Structures of engineered Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin derivatives.,Masuyer G, Stancombe P, Chaddock JA, Acharya KR Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2011 Dec 1;67(Pt 12):1466-72., Epub 2011 Nov 25. PMID:22139146<ref>PMID:22139146</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 3zus" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Botulinum neurotoxin 3D structures|Botulinum neurotoxin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Clostridium botulinum]]
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Acharya KR]]
[[Category: Chaddock JA]]
[[Category: Masuyer G]]
[[Category: Stancombe P]]