View source for 4ehp


==Crystal Structure of human vinculin head domain (residues 1-252) in complex with alpha-catenin (residues 277-382)==
<StructureSection load='4ehp' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4ehp]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.66&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4ehp]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4EHP OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4EHP FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.66&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4ehp FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4ehp OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4ehp PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4ehp RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4ehp PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4ehp ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VINC_HUMAN VINC_HUMAN] Defects in VCL are the cause of cardiomyopathy dilated type 1W (CMD1W) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/611407 611407]. Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disorder characterized by ventricular dilation and impaired systolic function, resulting in congestive heart failure and arrhythmia. Patients are at risk of premature death.<ref>PMID:11815424</ref> <ref>PMID:16236538</ref>   Defects in VCL are the cause of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy type 15 (CMH15) [MIM:[https://omim.org/entry/613255 613255]. It is a hereditary heart disorder characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, which is usually asymmetric and often involves the interventricular septum. The symptoms include dyspnea, syncope, collapse, palpitations, and chest pain. They can be readily provoked by exercise. The disorder has inter- and intrafamilial variability ranging from benign to malignant forms with high risk of cardiac failure and sudden cardiac death.<ref>PMID:16712796</ref> 
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/VINC_HUMAN VINC_HUMAN] Actin filament (F-actin)-binding protein involved in cell-matrix adhesion and cell-cell adhesion. Regulates cell-surface E-cadherin expression and potentiates mechanosensing by the E-cadherin complex. May also play important roles in cell morphology and locomotion.<ref>PMID:20484056</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Adherens junctions (AJs) are essential for cell-cell contacts, morphogenesis, and the development of all higher eukaryotes. AJs are formed by calcium-dependent homotypic interactions of the ectodomains of single membrane-pass cadherin family receptors. These homotypic interactions in turn promote binding of the intracellular cytoplasmic tail domains of cadherin receptors with beta-catenin, a multifunctional protein that plays roles in both transcription and AJs. The cadherin receptor-beta-catenin complex binds to the cytoskeletal protein alpha-catenin, which is essential for both the formation and the stabilization of these junctions. Precisely how alpha-catenin contributes to the formation and stabilization of AJs is hotly debated, although the latter is thought to involve its interactions with the cytoskeletal protein vinculin. Here we report the crystal structure of the vinculin binding domain (VBD) of alpha-catenin in complex with the vinculin head domain (Vh1). This structure reveals that alpha-catenin is in a unique unfurled mode allowing dimer formation when bound to vinculin. Finally, binding studies suggest that vinculin must be in an activated state to bind to alpha-catenin and that this interaction is stabilized by the formation of a ternary alpha-catenin-vinculin-F-actin complex, which can be formed via the F-actin binding domain of either protein. We propose a feed-forward model whereby alpha-catenin-vinculin interactions promote their binding to the actin cytoskeleton to stabilize AJs.

The cytoskeletal protein alpha-catenin unfurls upon binding to vinculin.,Rangarajan ES, Izard T J Biol Chem. 2012 May 25;287(22):18492-9. Epub 2012 Apr 6. PMID:22493458<ref>PMID:22493458</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4ehp" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Catenin 3D structures|Catenin 3D structures]]
*[[Vinculin 3D structures|Vinculin 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Izard T]]
[[Category: Rangarajan ES]]