View source for 4k9v


==Complex of CYP3A4 with a desoxyritonavir analog==
<StructureSection load='4k9v' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4k9v]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.60&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4k9v]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4K9V OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4K9V FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.6&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=6AW:1,3-THIAZOL-5-YLMETHYL+[(3S,6S)-6-{[N-(METHYL{[2-(PROPAN-2-YL)-1,3-THIAZOL-4-YL]METHYL}CARBAMOYL)-L-SERYL]AMINO}OCTAN-3-YL]CARBAMATE'>6AW</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4k9v FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4k9v OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4k9v PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4k9v RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4k9v PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4k9v ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP3A4_HUMAN CP3A4_HUMAN] Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation reactions (e.g. caffeine 8-oxidation, omeprazole sulphoxidation, midazolam 1'-hydroxylation and midazolam 4-hydroxylation) of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Acts as a 1,8-cineole 2-exo-monooxygenase. The enzyme also hydroxylates etoposide.<ref>PMID:11159812</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitors ritonavir and cobicistat, currently administered to HIV patients as pharmacoenhancers, were designed on the basis of the chemical structure/activity relationships rather than the CYP3A4 crystal structure. To better understand the structural basis for CYP3A4 inhibition and the ligand binding process, we investigated five desoxyritonavir analogues to elucidate how substitution/elimination of the phenyl side groups (Phe-1 and Phe-2) and removal of the isopropyl-thiazole (IPT) moiety affect affinity, inhibitory potency, and the ligand binding mode. Our experimental and structural data indicate that the side group size reduction not only drastically lowers affinity and inhibitory potency for CYP3A4 but also leads to multiple binding modes. Regardless of the side group chemical nature and the number of molecules bound, the space adjacent to the 369-371 peptide and Arg105 (Phe-2 site) is always occupied and, hence, must be a critically important binding site. When possible, the ligands also try to fill the pocket near the I-helix (Phe-1 site), even if it causes steric hindrance. Extensive hydrophobic interactions established at the Phe-1 site improve inhibitory potency, whereas contacts provided by IPT might strengthen the Fe-N bond. Overall, however, the end group contributes less to the ligand association process, which, in contrast, is greatly facilitated by the polar interactions mediated by the active site Ser119.

Dissecting Cytochrome P450 3A4-Ligand Interactions Using Ritonavir Analogues.,Sevrioukova IF, Poulos TL Biochemistry. 2013 Jun 20. PMID:23746300<ref>PMID:23746300</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4k9v" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Cytochrome P450 3D structures|Cytochrome P450 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Poulos TL]]
[[Category: Sevrioukova IF]]