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==Crystal structure of mouse Ryanodine Receptor 2 (1-217) disease mutant P164S==
<StructureSection load='4kei' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4kei]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.41&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4kei]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus_musculus Mus musculus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4KEI OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4KEI FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.406&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4kei FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4kei OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4kei PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4kei RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4kei PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4kei ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RYR2_MOUSE RYR2_MOUSE] Calcium channel that mediates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasm and thereby plays a key role in triggering cardiac muscle contraction. Aberrant channel activation can lead to cardiac arrhythmia. In cardiac myocytes, calcium release is triggered by increased Ca(2+) levels due to activation of the L-type calcium channel CACNA1C. The calcium channel activity is modulated by formation of heterotetramers with RYR3. Required for cellular calcium ion homeostasis. Required for embryonic heart development.<ref>PMID:10473538</ref> <ref>PMID:9628868</ref> <ref>PMID:21098440</ref> <ref>PMID:20431056</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are large tetrameric calcium (Ca2+) release channels found on the sarcoplasmic reticulum that respond to dihydropyridine receptor activity through a direct conformational interaction and/or indirect Ca2+ sensitivity, propagating sarcoplasmic reticulum luminal Ca2+ release in the process of excitation-contraction coupling. There are three human RyR subtypes, and several debilitating diseases are linked to heritable mutations in RyR1 and RyR2 including malignant hypothermia, central core disease, catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia type 2 (ARVD2). Despite the recent appreciation that many disease-associated mutations within the N-terminal RyRABC domains (i.e., residues 1-559) are located in the putative interfaces mediating tetrameric channel assembly, the precise structural and dynamical consequences of the mutations are not well understood. We used solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography to examine the effect of ARVD2-associated (i.e., R176Q) and CPVT-associated [i.e., P164S, R169Q and delta exon 3 (Delta3)] mutations on the structure and dynamics of RyR2A. Our solution NMR data exposed a mobile alpha-helix, unique to type 2; further, this alpha2 helix rescues the beta-strand lost in RyR2A Delta3 but remains dynamic in the hot-spot loop (HS-loop) P164S, R169Q and R176Q mutant proteins. Docking of our X-ray crystal/NMR hybrid structure into the RyR1 cryo-electron microscopy map revealed that this RyR2A alpha2 helix is in close proximity to dense "columns" projecting toward the channel pore. This is in contrast to the HS-loop mutations that cause structural changes largely localized to the intersubunit interface between adjacent ABC domains. Taken together, our data suggest that ARVD2 and CPVT mutations have at least two distinct structural consequences linked to channel dysfunction: perturbation of the HS-loop (i.e., domain A):domain B intersubunit interface and disruption of the communication between the N-terminal region and the channel domain.

Type 2 Ryanodine Receptor Domain A Contains a Unique and Dynamic alpha-Helix That Transitions to a beta-Strand in a Mutant Linked with a Heritable Cardiomyopathy.,Amador FJ, Kimlicka L, Stathopulos PB, Gasmi-Seabrook GM, Maclennan DH, Van Petegem F, Ikura M J Mol Biol. 2013 Aug 23. pii: S0022-2836(13)00535-4. doi:, 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.08.015. PMID:23978697<ref>PMID:23978697</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4kei" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Ryanodine receptor 3D structures|Ryanodine receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mus musculus]]
[[Category: Kimlicka L]]
[[Category: Van Petegem F]]