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==Carboplatin binding to HEWL under sodium iodide crystallisation conditions==
<StructureSection load='4owa' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4owa]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4owa]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallus_gallus Gallus gallus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4OWA OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4OWA FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.796&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ACT:ACETATE+ION'>ACT</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=DMS:DIMETHYL+SULFOXIDE'>DMS</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=IOD:IODIDE+ION'>IOD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=QPT:CARBOPLATIN'>QPT</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4owa FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4owa OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4owa PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4owa RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4owa PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4owa ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/LYSC_CHICK LYSC_CHICK] Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. Has bacteriolytic activity against M.luteus.<ref>PMID:22044478</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Cisplatin and carboplatin are platinum anticancer agents that are used to treat a variety of cancers. Previous X-ray crystallographic studies of carboplatin binding to histidine in hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) showed a partial chemical conversion of carboplatin to cisplatin owing to the high sodium chloride concentration used in the crystallization conditions. Also, the co-crystallization of HEWL with carboplatin in sodium bromide conditions resulted in the partial conversion of carboplatin to the transbromoplatin form, with a portion of the cyclobutanedicarboxylate (CBDC) moiety still present. The results of the co-crystallization of HEWL with cisplatin or carboplatin in sodium iodide conditions are now reported in order to determine whether the cisplatin and carboplatin converted to the iodo form, and whether this took place in a similar way to the partial conversion of carboplatin to cisplatin in NaCl conditions or to transbromoplatin in NaBr conditions as seen previously. It is reported here that a partial chemical transformation has taken place to a transplatin form for both ligands. The NaI-grown crystals belonged to the monoclinic space group P21 with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The chemically transformed cisplatin and carboplatin bind to both His15 residues, i.e. in each asymmetric unit. The binding is only at the N(delta) atom of His15. A third platinum species is also seen in both conditions bound in a crevice between symmetry-related molecules. Here, the platinum is bound to three I atoms identified based on their anomalous difference electron densities and their refined occupancies, with the fourth bound atom being a Cl atom (in the cisplatin case) or a portion of the CBDC moiety (in the carboplatin case).

Chemical conversion of cisplatin and carboplatin with histidine in a model protein crystallized under sodium iodide conditions.,Tanley SW, Helliwell JR Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun. 2014 Sep 1;70(Pt 9):1127-31. doi:, 10.1107/S2053230X14013995. Epub 2014 Aug 29. PMID:25195879<ref>PMID:25195879</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4owa" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Lysozyme 3D structures|Lysozyme 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Gallus gallus]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Helliwell JR]]
[[Category: Tanley SWM]]