View source for 4qdc


==Crystal structure of 3-ketosteroid-9-alpha-hydroxylase 5 (KshA5) from R. rhodochrous in complex with FE2/S2 (INORGANIC) CLUSTER==
<StructureSection load='4qdc' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4qdc]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4qdc]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodococcus_rhodochrous Rhodococcus rhodochrous]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4QDC OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4QDC FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=ASD:4-ANDROSTENE-3-17-DIONE'>ASD</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FE:FE+(III)+ION'>FE</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=FES:FE2/S2+(INORGANIC)+CLUSTER'>FES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PG4:TETRAETHYLENE+GLYCOL'>PG4</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4qdc FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4qdc OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4qdc PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4qdc RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4qdc PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4qdc ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/KSHA5_RHORH KSHA5_RHORH] Probably involved in the degradation of cholesterol (PubMed:21642460). In vitro, catalyzes the introduction of a 9alpha-hydroxyl moiety into the ring B of 3-ketosteroid substrates such as 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD), 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD), 4-androstene-17beta-ol-3-one (testosterone), 4-pregnene-3,20-dione (progesterone), 19-nor-4-androstene-3,17-dione, 1-(5alpha)-androstene-3,17-dione, 5alpha-androstane-3,17-dione, 5beta-androstane-3,17-dione, 5alpha-androstane-17beta-ol-3-one (stanolon), 11beta-hydrocortisone, 3-oxo-23,24-bisnorcholesta-4-en-22-oate (4-BNC), 23,24-bisnorcholesta-4-ene-22-oate, 3-oxo-23,24-bisnorcholesta-1,4-dien-22-oate (1,4-BNC) and 3-oxo-23,24-bisnorcholesta-1,4-dien-22-oyl-coenzyme A thioester (1,4-BNC-CoA) (PubMed:21642460, PubMed:25049233). KshA5 has the broadest substrate range without a clear substrate preference and is active with Delta-4, Delta-1,4, 5alpha-H and 5beta-H steroids, as well as with steroids having bulky aliphatic side chains and an isopropionyl side chain at C17.<ref>PMID:21642460</ref> <ref>PMID:25049233</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
KshA is the oxygenase component of 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylase, a Rieske oxygenase involved in the bacterial degradation of steroids. Consistent with its role in bile acid catabolism, KshA1 from Rhodococcus rhodochrous DSM43269 had the highest apparent specificity (kcat/Km) for steroids with an isopropyl side chain at C17, such as 3-oxo-23,24-bisnorcholesta-1,4-diene-22-oate (1,4-BNC). By contrast, the KshA5 homolog had the highest apparent specificity for substrates with no C17 side chain (kcat/Km &gt;10(5) s(-1) m(-1) for 4-estrendione, 5alpha-androstandione, and testosterone). Unexpectedly, substrates such as 4-androstene-3,17-dione (ADD) and 4-BNC displayed strong substrate inhibition (Ki S approximately 100 mum). By comparison, the cholesterol-degrading KshAMtb from Mycobacterium tuberculosis had the highest specificity for CoA-thioesterified substrates. These specificities are consistent with differences in the catabolism of cholesterol and bile acids, respectively, in actinobacteria. X-ray crystallographic structures of the KshAMtb.ADD, KshA1.1,4-BNC-CoA, KshA5.ADD, and KshA5.1,4-BNC-CoA complexes revealed that the enzymes have very similar steroid-binding pockets with the substrate's C17 oriented toward the active site opening. Comparisons suggest Tyr-245 and Phe-297 are determinants of KshA1 specificity. All enzymes have a flexible 16-residue "mouth loop," which in some structures completely occluded the substrate-binding pocket from the bulk solvent. Remarkably, the catalytic iron and alpha-helices harboring its ligands were displaced up to 4.4 A in the KshA5.substrate complexes as compared with substrate-free KshA, suggesting that Rieske oxygenases may have a dynamic nature similar to cytochrome P450.

Substrate specificities and conformational flexibility of 3-ketosteroid 9alpha-hydroxylases.,Penfield JS, Worrall LJ, Strynadka NC, Eltis LD J Biol Chem. 2014 Sep 12;289(37):25523-36. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M114.575886. Epub, 2014 Jul 21. PMID:25049233<ref>PMID:25049233</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4qdc" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Rhodococcus rhodochrous]]
[[Category: Eltis LD]]
[[Category: Penfield J]]
[[Category: Strynadka NC]]
[[Category: Worrall LJ]]