View source for 4qhm


==I3.1 (unbound) from CH103 Lineage==
<StructureSection load='4qhm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4qhm]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 3.23&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4qhm]] is a 8 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4QHM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4QHM FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 3.23&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4qhm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4qhm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4qhm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4qhm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4qhm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4qhm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q6GMX6_HUMAN Q6GMX6_HUMAN] 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Rapidly evolving pathogens, such as human immunodeficiency and influenza viruses, escape immune defenses provided by most vaccine-induced antibodies. Proposed strategies to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies require a deeper understanding of antibody affinity maturation and evolution of the immune response to vaccination or infection. In HIV-infected individuals, viruses and B cells evolve together, creating a virus-antibody "arms race." Analysis of samples from an individual designated CH505 has illustrated the interplay between an antibody lineage, CH103, and autologous viruses at various time points. The CH103 antibodies, relatively broad in their neutralization spectrum, interact with the CD4 binding site of gp120, with a contact dominated by CDRH3. We show by analyzing structures of progenitor and intermediate antibodies and by correlating them with measurements of binding to various gp120s that there was a shift in the relative orientation of the light- and heavy-chain variable domains during evolution of the CH103 lineage. We further show that mutations leading to this conformational shift probably occurred in response to insertions in variable loop 5 (V5) of the HIV envelope. The shift displaced the tips of the light chain away from contact with V5, making room for the inserted residues, which had allowed escape from neutralization by the progenitor antibody. These results, which document the selective mechanism underlying this example of a virus-antibody arms race, illustrate the functional significance of affinity maturation by mutation outside the complementarity determining region surface of the antibody molecule.

Affinity maturation in an HIV broadly neutralizing B-cell lineage through reorientation of variable domains.,Fera D, Schmidt AG, Haynes BF, Gao F, Liao HX, Kepler TB, Harrison SC Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Jun 30. pii: 201409954. PMID:24982157<ref>PMID:24982157</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4qhm" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Fera D]]
[[Category: Harrison SC]]