View source for 4qwk


==yCP beta5-A49T-A50V-double mutant in complex with carfilzomib==
<StructureSection load='4qwk' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4qwk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.80&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4qwk]] is a 20 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces_cerevisiae_S288C Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4QWK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4QWK FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.8&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=3BV:N-{(2S)-2-[(MORPHOLIN-4-YLACETYL)AMINO]-4-PHENYLBUTANOYL}-L-LEUCYL-N-[(2R,3S,4S)-1,3-DIHYDROXY-2,6-DIMETHYLHEPTAN-4-YL]-L-PHENYLALANINAMIDE'>3BV</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MES:2-(N-MORPHOLINO)-ETHANESULFONIC+ACID'>MES</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4qwk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4qwk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4qwk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4qwk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4qwk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4qwk ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PSA3_YEAST PSA3_YEAST] The proteasome degrades poly-ubiquitinated proteins in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. It is essential for the regulated turnover of proteins and for the removal of misfolded proteins. The proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex that is characterized by its ability to cleave peptides with Arg, Phe, Tyr, Leu, and Glu adjacent to the leaving group at neutral or slightly basic pH. It has an ATP-dependent proteolytic activity.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Inhibition of the 20S proteasome by bortezomib (Velcade) constitutes a successfully applied therapy for blood cancer. However, emerging resistance restricts its medicinal use. For example, mutations in the proteolytically active beta5-subunit of the proteasome, the main target of inhibitors, were reported to impair drug binding and thus to reduce therapeutic efficacy. Using yeast as a model system, we describe here a systematic evaluation of these mutations by cell growth analysis, proteasome inhibition assays, and X-ray crystallography. The 11 mutants examined display decreased proliferation rates, impaired proteolytic activity, and marked resistance to bortezomib as well as the alpha',beta'-epoxyketone inhibitors carfilzomib (Kyprolis) and ONX 0914, while the second-generation compound carfilzomib was the least affected. In total, 49 proteasome X-ray structures, including structural data on proteasome-carfilzomib complexes, reveal three distinct molecular mechanisms that hamper both drug binding and natural substrate turnover to an extent that is still compatible with cell survival.

Bortezomib-Resistant Mutant Proteasomes: Structural and Biochemical Evaluation with Carfilzomib and ONX 0914.,Huber EM, Heinemeyer W, Groll M Structure. 2015 Feb 3;23(2):407-17. doi: 10.1016/j.str.2014.11.019. Epub 2015 Jan, 15. PMID:25599643<ref>PMID:25599643</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4qwk" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Proteasome 3D structures|Proteasome 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Saccharomyces cerevisiae S288C]]
[[Category: Groll M]]
[[Category: Heinemeyer W]]
[[Category: Huber EM]]