View source for 4rfw


==Crystal structure of human retinoid X Receptor alpha-ligand binding domain complex with 9cUAB70 and the coactivator peptide GRIP-1==
<StructureSection load='4rfw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4rfw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.40&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4rfw]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4RFW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4RFW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.4&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=3RB:(2E,4E,6Z,8E)-3,7-DIMETHYL-8-(6,7,8,9-TETRAHYDRO-5H-BENZO[7]ANNULEN-5-YLIDENE)OCTA-2,4,6-TRIENOIC+ACID'>3RB</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4rfw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4rfw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4rfw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4rfw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4rfw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4rfw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/RXRA_HUMAN RXRA_HUMAN] Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. The high affinity ligand for RXRs is 9-cis retinoic acid. RXRA serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors. The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone acetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression. On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation. The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes.<ref>PMID:10195690</ref> <ref>PMID:11162439</ref> <ref>PMID:11915042</ref> <ref>PMID:20215566</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
(2E,4E,6Z,8Z)-8-(3',4'-Dihydro-1'(2H)-naphthalen-1'-ylidene)-3,7-dimethyl-2,3,6-o ctatrienoinic acid (UAB30) is currently undergoing clinical evaluation as a novel cancer prevention agent. In efforts to develop even more highly potent rexinoids that prevent breast cancer without toxicity, we further explore here the structure-activity relationship of two separate classes of rexinoids. UAB30 belongs to the class II rexinoids and possesses a 9Z-tetraenoic acid chain bonded to a tetralone ring, whereas the class I rexinoids contain the same 9Z-tetraenoic acid chain bonded to a disubstituted cyclohexenyl ring. Among the 12 class I and class II rexinoids evaluated, the class I rexinoid 11 is most effective in preventing breast cancers in an in vivo rat model alone or in combination with tamoxifen. Rexinoid 11 also reduces the size of established tumors and exhibits a therapeutic effect. However, 11 induces hypertriglyceridemia at its effective dose. On the other hand rexinoid 10 does not increase triglyceride levels while being effective in the in vivo chemoprevention assay. X-ray studies of four rexinoids bound to the ligand binding domain of the retinoid X receptor reveal key structural aspects that enhance potency as well as those that enhance the synthesis of lipids.

Conformationally Defined Rexinoids and Their Efficacy in the Prevention of Mammary Cancers.,Atigadda VR, Xia G, Deshpande A, Wu L, Kedishvili N, Smith CD, Krontiras H, Bland KI, Grubbs CJ, Brouillette WJ, Muccio DD J Med Chem. 2015 Oct 8;58(19):7763-74. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00829. Epub, 2015 Sep 22. PMID:26331194<ref>PMID:26331194</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4rfw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Retinoid X receptor 3D structures|Retinoid X receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Muccio DD]]
[[Category: Smith CD]]
[[Category: Xia G]]