View source for 4rhw


==Crystal structure of Apaf-1 CARD and caspase-9 CARD complex==
<StructureSection load='4rhw' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4rhw]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.10&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4rhw]] is a 6 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4RHW OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4RHW FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.1&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4rhw FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4rhw OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4rhw PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4rhw RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4rhw PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4rhw ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/APAF_HUMAN APAF_HUMAN] Oligomeric Apaf-1 mediates the cytochrome c-dependent autocatalytic activation of pro-caspase-9 (Apaf-3), leading to the activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis. This activation requires ATP. Isoform 6 is less effective in inducing apoptosis.<ref>PMID:10393175</ref> <ref>PMID:12804598</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Autocatalytic activation of an initiator caspase triggers the onset of apoptosis. In dying cells, caspase-9 activation is mediated by a multimeric adaptor complex known as the Apaf-1 apoptosome. The molecular mechanism by which caspase-9 is activated by the Apaf-1 apoptosome remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that the previously reported 1:1 interaction between Apaf-1 caspase recruitment domain (CARD) and caspase-9 CARD is insufficient for the activation of caspase-9. Rather, formation of a multimeric CARD:CARD assembly between Apaf-1 and caspase-9, which requires three types of distinct interfaces, underlies caspase-9 activation. Importantly, an additional surface area on the multimeric CARD assembly is essential for caspase-9 activation. Together, these findings reveal mechanistic insights into the activation of caspase-9 by the Apaf-1 apoptosome and support the induced conformation model for initiator caspase activation by adaptor complexes.

Molecular determinants of caspase-9 activation by the Apaf-1 apoptosome.,Hu Q, Wu D, Chen W, Yan Z, Yan C, He T, Liang Q, Shi Y Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Nov 18;111(46):16254-61. doi:, 10.1073/pnas.1418000111. Epub 2014 Oct 13. PMID:25313070<ref>PMID:25313070</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4rhw" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 3D structures|Apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 3D structures]]
*[[Caspase 3D structures|Caspase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Hu Q]]
[[Category: Shi Y]]
[[Category: Wu D]]
[[Category: Yan C]]