View source for 4uax


==X-ray crystal structure of ligand free CYP142A2 from Mycobacterium smegmatis==
<StructureSection load='4uax' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4uax]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.78&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4uax]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mycolicibacterium_smegmatis_MC2_155 Mycolicibacterium smegmatis MC2 155]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4UAX OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4UAX FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.78&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=HEM:PROTOPORPHYRIN+IX+CONTAINING+FE'>HEM</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4uax FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4uax OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4uax PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4uax RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4uax PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4uax ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CP142_MYCS2 CP142_MYCS2] Involved in the utilization of cholesterol as the sole carbon and energy source by degrading the side chain. Primarily catalyzes the sequential oxidation of the terminal methyl of cholest-4-en-3-one into (25R)-26-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one (alcohol), (25R)-26-oxocholest-4-en-3-one (aldehyde), to finally yield the carboxylic acid (25R)-3-oxocholest-4-en-26-oate. Also able to sequentially oxidize cholesterol itself, not only cholest-4-en-3-one.<ref>PMID:23489718</ref> <ref>PMID:25210044</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Mycobacteria share a common cholesterol degradation pathway initiated by oxidation of the alkyl side-chain by enzymes of cytochrome P450 (CYP) families 125 and 142. Structural and sequence comparisons of the two enzyme families revealed two insertions into the N-terminal region of the CYP125 family (residues 58-67 and 100-109 in the CYP125A1 sequence) that could potentially sterically block the oxidation of the longer cholesterol ester molecules. Catalytic assays revealed that only CYP142 enzymes are able to oxidize cholesteryl propionate, and although CYP125 enzymes could oxidize cholesteryl sulfate they were much less efficient at doing so than the CYP142 enzymes. The crystal structure of CYP142A2 in complex with cholesteryl sulfate revealed a substrate tightly fit into a smaller active site than was previously observed for the complex of CYP125A1 with 4-cholesten-3-one. We propose that the larger CYP125 active site allows for multiple binding modes of cholesteryl sulfate, the majority of which trigger the P450 catalytic cycle, but in an uncoupled mode rather than one that oxidizes the sterol. In contrast, the more unhindered and compact CYP142 structure enables enzymes of this family to readily oxidize cholesteryl esters, thus providing an additional source of carbon for mycobacterial growth.

Cholesterol Ester Oxidation by Mycobacterial Cytochromes P450.,Frank DJ, Madrona Y, Ortiz de Montellano PR J Biol Chem. 2014 Sep 10. pii: jbc.M114.602771. PMID:25210044<ref>PMID:25210044</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4uax" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Mycolicibacterium smegmatis MC2 155]]
[[Category: Madrona Y]]