View source for 4uqk


==Electron density map of GluA2em in complex with quisqualate and LY451646==
<SX load='4uqk' size='340' side='right' viewer='molstar' caption='[[4uqk]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 16.40&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4uqk]] is a 4 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rattus_norvegicus Rattus norvegicus]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4UQK OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4UQK FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">Electron Microscopy, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 16.4&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=QUS:(S)-2-AMINO-3-(3,5-DIOXO-[1,2,4]OXADIAZOLIDIN-2-YL)-PROPIONIC+ACID'>QUS</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4uqk FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4uqk OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4uqk PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4uqk RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4uqk PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4uqk ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/GRIA2_RAT GRIA2_RAT] Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate.<ref>PMID:9351977</ref> <ref>PMID:19265014</ref> <ref>PMID:21172611</ref> <ref>PMID:12501192</ref> <ref>PMID:12015593</ref> <ref>PMID:12872125</ref> <ref>PMID:12730367</ref> <ref>PMID:16192394</ref> <ref>PMID:15591246</ref> <ref>PMID:17018279</ref> <ref>PMID:16483599</ref> <ref>PMID:19946266</ref> <ref>PMID:21317873</ref> <ref>PMID:21846932</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Ionotropic glutamate receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that mediate excitatory synaptic transmission in the vertebrate brain. To gain a better understanding of how structural changes gate ion flux across the membrane, we trapped rat AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid) and kainate receptor subtypes in their major functional states and analysed the resulting structures using cryo-electron microscopy. We show that transition to the active state involves a 'corkscrew' motion of the receptor assembly, driven by closure of the ligand-binding domain. Desensitization is accompanied by disruption of the amino-terminal domain tetramer in AMPA, but not kainate, receptors with a two-fold to four-fold symmetry transition in the ligand-binding domains in both subtypes. The 7.6 A structure of a desensitized kainate receptor shows how these changes accommodate channel closing. These findings integrate previous physiological, biochemical and structural analyses of glutamate receptors and provide a molecular explanation for key steps in receptor gating.

Structural mechanism of glutamate receptor activation and desensitization.,Meyerson JR, Kumar J, Chittori S, Rao P, Pierson J, Bartesaghi A, Mayer ML, Subramaniam S Nature. 2014 Aug 3. doi: 10.1038/nature13603. PMID:25119039<ref>PMID:25119039</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 4uqk" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Glutamate receptor 3D structures|Glutamate receptor 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</SX>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Rattus norvegicus]]
[[Category: Bartesaghi A]]
[[Category: Chittori S]]
[[Category: Kumar J]]
[[Category: Mayer ML]]
[[Category: Meyerson JR]]
[[Category: Pierson J]]
[[Category: Rao P]]
[[Category: Subramaniam S]]