View source for 4yt9


==Crystal structure of Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase (PPAD) substrate-unbound.==
<StructureSection load='4yt9' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4yt9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4yt9]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porphyromonas_gingivalis_W83 Porphyromonas gingivalis W83]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4YT9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4YT9 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=4GJ:3-(PYRIDIN-4-YLDISULFANYL)-L-ALANINE'>4GJ</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CSO:S-HYDROXYCYSTEINE'>CSO</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=NA:SODIUM+ION'>NA</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4yt9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4yt9 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4yt9 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4yt9 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4yt9 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4yt9 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/PAD_PORGI PAD_PORGI] Deiminates the guanidino group of C-terminal arginine residues on a variety of peptides, including the vasoregulatory peptide-hormone bradykinin, to yield ammonia and a citrulline residue. May promote the growth of the pathogen in the periodontal pocket by producing ammonia, ammonia having a protective effect during acidic cleaning cycles in the mouth.<ref>PMID:10377098</ref> 
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Citrullination is a post-translational modification of higher organisms that deiminates arginines in proteins and peptides. It occurs in physiological processes but also pathologies such as multiple sclerosis, fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The reaction is catalyzed by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), which are found in vertebrates but not in lower organisms. RA has been epidemiologically associated with periodontal disease, whose main infective agent is Porphyromonas gingivalis. Uniquely among microbes, P. gingivalis secretes a PAD, termed PPAD (Porphyromonas peptidylarginine deiminase), which is genetically unrelated to eukaryotic PADs. Here, we studied function of PPAD and its substrate-free, substrate-complex, and substrate-mimic-complex structures. It comprises a flat cylindrical catalytic domain with five-fold alpha/beta-propeller architecture and a C-terminal immunoglobulin-like domain. The PPAD active site is a funnel located on one of the cylinder bases. It accommodates arginines from peptide substrates after major rearrangement of a "Michaelis loop" that closes the cleft. The guanidinium and carboxylate groups of substrates are tightly bound, which explains activity of PPAD against arginines at C-termini but not within peptides. Catalysis is based on a cysteine-histidine-asparagine triad, which is shared with human PAD1-PAD4 and other guanidino-group modifying enzymes. We provide a working mechanism hypothesis based on 18 structure-derived point mutants.

Structure and mechanism of a bacterial host-protein citrullinating virulence factor, Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidylarginine deiminase.,Goulas T, Mizgalska D, Garcia-Ferrer I, Kantyka T, Guevara T, Szmigielski B, Sroka A, Millan C, Uson I, Veillard F, Potempa B, Mydel P, Sola M, Potempa J, Gomis-Ruth FX Sci Rep. 2015 Jul 1;5:11969. doi: 10.1038/srep11969. PMID:26132828<ref>PMID:26132828</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4yt9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Porphyromonas gingivalis W83]]
[[Category: Garcia-Ferrer I]]
[[Category: Gomis-Ruth FX]]
[[Category: Goulas T]]
[[Category: Guevara T]]
[[Category: Kantyka T]]
[[Category: Millan C]]
[[Category: Mizgalska D]]
[[Category: Mydel P]]
[[Category: Potempa B]]
[[Category: Potempa J]]
[[Category: Sola M]]
[[Category: Sroka A]]
[[Category: Szmigielski B]]
[[Category: Uson I]]
[[Category: Veillard F]]