View source for 4zrr


==Crystal Structure of Monomeric Bacteriophytochrome mutant D207L Y263F at 1.5 A resolution Using a home source.==
<StructureSection load='4zrr' size='340' side='right'caption='[[4zrr]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.50&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[4zrr]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinococcus_radiodurans_R1 Deinococcus radiodurans R1]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=4ZRR OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4ZRR FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.5&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=LBV:3-[2-[(Z)-[3-(2-CARBOXYETHYL)-5-[(Z)-(4-ETHENYL-3-METHYL-5-OXIDANYLIDENE-PYRROL-2-YLIDENE)METHYL]-4-METHYL-PYRROL-1-IUM-2-YLIDENE]METHYL]-5-[(Z)-[(3E)-3-ETHYLIDENE-4-METHYL-5-OXIDANYLIDENE-PYRROLIDIN-2-YLIDENE]METHYL]-4-METHYL-1H-PYRROL-3-YL]PROPANOIC+ACID'>LBV</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=LBW:3-[2-[(Z)-[5-[(Z)-(4-ETHENYL-3-METHYL-5-OXIDANYLIDENE-PYRROL-2-YLIDENE)METHYL]-3-(3-HYDROXY-3-OXOPROPYL)-4-METHYL-PYRROL-1-IUM-2-YLIDENE]METHYL]-5-[(Z)-[(3E,4R)-3-ETHYLIDENE-4-METHYL-5-OXIDANYLIDENE-PYRROLIDIN-2-YLIDENE]METHYL]-4-METHYL-1H-PYRROL-3-YL]PROPANOIC+ACID'>LBW</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PEG:DI(HYDROXYETHYL)ETHER'>PEG</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=PO4:PHOSPHATE+ION'>PO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=4zrr FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=4zrr OCA], [https://pdbe.org/4zrr PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=4zrr RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/4zrr PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=4zrr ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/BPHY_DEIRA BPHY_DEIRA] Photoreceptor which exists in two forms that are reversibly interconvertible by light: the R form that absorbs maximally in the red region of the spectrum and the FR form that absorbs maximally in the far-red region. Has also a slight blue shift for the far-red maximum. Could also absorb green light. May participate in regulating pigment synthesis like the carotenoid deinoxanthin which could protect the bacterium from intense visible light.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
Genetically encoded fluorescent markers have revolutionized cell and molecular biology due to their biological compatibility, controllable spatiotemporal expression, and photostability. To achieve in vivo imaging in whole animals, longer excitation wavelength probes are needed due to the superior ability of near infrared light to penetrate tissues unimpeded by absorbance from biomolecules or autofluorescence of water. Derived from near infrared-absorbing bacteriophytochromes, phytofluors are engineered to fluoresce in this region of the electromagnetic spectrum, although high quantum yield remains an elusive goal. An invariant aspartate residue is of utmost importance for photoconversion in native phytochromes, presumably due to the proximity of its backbone carbonyl to the pyrrole ring nitrogens of the biliverdin (BV) chromophore as well as the size and charge of the side chain. We hypothesized that the polar interaction network formed by the charged side chain may contribute to the decay of the excited state via proton transfer. Thus, we chose to further probe the role of this amino acid by removing all possibility for polar interactions with its carboxylate side chain by incorporating leucine instead. The resultant fluorescent protein, WiPhy2, maintains BV binding, monomeric status, and long maximum excitation wavelength while minimizing undesirable protoporphyrin IXalpha binding in cells. A crystal structure and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy reveal that water near the BV chromophore is excluded and thus validate our hypothesis that removal of polar interactions leads to enhanced fluorescence by increasing the lifetime of the excited state. This new phytofluor maintains its fluorescent properties over a broad pH range and does not suffer from photobleaching. WiPhy2 achieves the best compromise to date between high fluorescence quantum yield and long illumination wavelength in this class of fluorescent proteins.

Removal of Chromophore-Proximal Polar Atoms Decreases Water Content and Increases Fluorescence in a Near Infrared Phytofluor.,Lehtivuori H, Bhattacharya S, Angenent-Mari NM, Satyshur KA, Forest KT Front Mol Biosci. 2015 Nov 25;2:65. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00065. eCollection, 2015. PMID:26636092<ref>PMID:26636092</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 4zrr" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Deinococcus radiodurans R1]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Bhattacharya S]]
[[Category: Forest KT]]
[[Category: Lehtivuori H]]
[[Category: Satyshur KA]]