View source for 5erm


==Crystal structure of cyclization domain of Phomopsis amygdali fusicoccadiene synthase complexed with magnesium ions and pamidronate==
<StructureSection load='5erm' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5erm]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 2.30&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5erm]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaporthe_amygdali Diaporthe amygdali]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5ERM OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5ERM FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 2.303&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=210:PAMIDRONATE'>210</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=MG:MAGNESIUM+ION'>MG</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5erm FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5erm OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5erm PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5erm RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5erm PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5erm ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/FC1_PHOAM FC1_PHOAM] Multifunctional diterpene synthase; part of the 2 gene clusters that mediate the biosynthesis of fusicoccins, diterpene glucosides that display phytohormone-like activity and function as potent activators of plasma membrane H(+)-ATPases in plants by modifying 14-3-3 proteins and cause the plant disease constriction canker (PubMed:17360612, PubMed:26734760). The first step in the pathway is performed by the fusicoccadiene synthase PaFS that possesses both prenyl transferase and terpene cyclase activity, converting isopentenyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate into geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGDP) and successively converting GGDP into fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene, a precursor for fusicoccin H (PubMed:17360612, PubMed:26734760). Fusicoccadiene synthase is an allosteric enzyme for GGPP cyclization that generates 64% fusicoccadiene, 9% delta-araneosene, and one additional unidentified diterpene product, when incubated with GGPP (PubMed:26734760). In the absence of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), PaFS can also solvolyze the shorter chain geranyl diphosphate (GPP) and farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) as alternative substrates to yield predominantly acyclic products. FPP is converted to farnesol (60.5%), nerolidol (14.0%), and farnesene (14.0%), while GPP is converted to a mixture of geraniol (59.5%) and linalool (35.0%) (PubMed:26734760). The second step is the oxidation at the C-8 position by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase PaP450-2 to yield fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene-8-beta-ol (PubMed:22870285). The cytochrome P450 monooxygenase PaP450-1 then catalyzes the hydroxylation at the C-16 position to produce fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene-8-beta,16-diol (PubMed:22870285). The dioxygenase fc-dox then catalyzes the 16-oxydation of fusicocca-2,10(14)-diene-8-beta,16-diol to yield an aldehyde (8-beta-hydroxyfusicocca-1,10(14)-dien-16-al) (PubMed:21299202, PubMed:22870285). The short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase fc-sdr catalyzes the reduction of the aldehyde to yield fusicocca-1,10(14)-diene-8-beta,16-diol (PubMed:21299202, PubMed:22870285). The next step is the hydroxylation at C-9 performed by the cytochrome P450 monooxagenase PaP450-3 that leads to fusicoccin H aglycon which is glycosylated to fusicoccin H by the O-glycosyltransferase PAGT (PubMed:22870285). Hydroxylation at C-12 by the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase PaP450-4 leads then to the production of fusicoccin Q and is followed by methylation by the O-methyltransferase PAMT to yield fusicoccin P (PubMed:22870285). Fusicoccin P is further converted to fusicoccin J via prenylation by the O-glucose prenyltransferase PaPT (PubMed:22287087). Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase PaP450-5 then performs hydroxylation at C-19 to yield dideacetyl-fusicoccin A which is acetylated to 3'-O-deacetyl-fusicoccin A by the O-acetyltransferase PaAT-2 (PubMed:22870285). Finally, a another acetylation by the O-acetyltransferase PaAT-1 yields fusicoccin A (PubMed:22870285).<ref>PMID:17360612</ref> <ref>PMID:21299202</ref> <ref>PMID:22287087</ref> <ref>PMID:22870285</ref> <ref>PMID:26734760</ref> 
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Diaporthe amygdali]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Chen M]]
[[Category: Christianson DW]]