View source for 5f21


==human CD38 in complex with nanobody MU375==
<StructureSection load='5f21' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5f21]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.90&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5f21]] is a 2 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lama_glama Lama glama]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5F21 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5F21 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.9&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=GOL:GLYCEROL'>GOL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=SO4:SULFATE+ION'>SO4</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5f21 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5f21 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5f21 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5f21 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5f21 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5f21 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/CD38_HUMAN CD38_HUMAN] Synthesizes cyclic ADP-ribose, a second messenger for glucose-induced insulin secretion. Also has cADPr hydrolase activity. Also moonlights as a receptor in cells of the immune system.
<div style="background-color:#fffaf0;">
== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
CD38, as a cell surface antigen is highly expressed in several hematologic malignancies including multiple myeloma (MM) and has been proven to be a good target for immunotherapy of the disease. CD38 is also a signaling enzyme responsible for the metabolism of two novel calcium messenger molecules. To be able to target this multifunctional protein, we generated a series of nanobodies against CD38 with high affinities. Crystal structures of the complexes of CD38 with the nanobodies were solved, identifying three separate epitopes on the carboxyl domain. Chromobodies, engineered by tagging the nanobody with fluorescence proteins, provide fast, simple and versatile tools for quantifying CD38 expression. Results confirmed that CD38 was highly expressed in malignant MM cells compared with normal white blood cells. The immunotoxin constructed by splicing the nanobody with a bacterial toxin, PE38 shows highly selective cytotoxicity against patient-derived MM cells as well as the cell lines, with half maximal effective concentration reaching as low as 10(-11) molar. The effectiveness of the immunotoxin can be further increased by stimulating CD38 expression using retinoid acid. These results set the stage for the development of clinical therapeutics as well as diagnostic screening for myeloma.

Immuno-targeting the multifunctional CD38 using nanobody.,Li T, Qi S, Unger M, Hou YN, Deng QW, Liu J, Lam CM, Wang XW, Xin D, Zhang P, Koch-Nolte F, Hao Q, Zhang H, Lee HC, Zhao YJ Sci Rep. 2016 Jun 2;6:27055. doi: 10.1038/srep27055. PMID:27251573<ref>PMID:27251573</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
</div>
<div class="pdbe-citations 5f21" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>
== References ==
<references/>
__TOC__
</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Lama glama]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Hao Q]]
[[Category: Zhang H]]