View source for 5hu9


==Crystal structure of ABL1 in complex with CHMFL-074==
<StructureSection load='5hu9' size='340' side='right'caption='[[5hu9]], [[Resolution|resolution]] 1.53&Aring;' scene=''>
== Structural highlights ==
<table><tr><td colspan='2'>[[5hu9]] is a 1 chain structure with sequence from [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_sapiens Homo sapiens]. Full crystallographic information is available from [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocashort?id=5HU9 OCA]. For a <b>guided tour on the structure components</b> use [https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5HU9 FirstGlance]. <br>
</td></tr><tr id='method'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Empirical_models|Method:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="methodDat">X-ray diffraction, [[Resolution|Resolution]] 1.529&#8491;</td></tr>
<tr id='ligand'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>[[Ligand|Ligands:]]</b></td><td class="sblockDat" id="ligandDat"><scene name='pdbligand=66K:4-[(4-METHYLPIPERAZIN-1-YL)METHYL]-N-(4-METHYL-3-{[1-(PYRIDIN-3-YLCARBONYL)PIPERIDIN-4-YL]OXY}PHENYL)-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)BENZAMIDE'>66K</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=CL:CHLORIDE+ION'>CL</scene>, <scene name='pdbligand=EDO:1,2-ETHANEDIOL'>EDO</scene></td></tr>
<tr id='resources'><td class="sblockLbl"><b>Resources:</b></td><td class="sblockDat"><span class='plainlinks'>[https://proteopedia.org/fgij/fg.htm?mol=5hu9 FirstGlance], [http://oca.weizmann.ac.il/oca-bin/ocaids?id=5hu9 OCA], [https://pdbe.org/5hu9 PDBe], [https://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=5hu9 RCSB], [https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbsum/5hu9 PDBsum], [https://prosat.h-its.org/prosat/prosatexe?pdbcode=5hu9 ProSAT]</span></td></tr>
</table>
== Disease ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ABL1_HUMAN ABL1_HUMAN] Note=A chromosomal aberration involving ABL1 is a cause of chronic myeloid leukemia. Translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) with BCR. The translocation produces a BCR-ABL found also in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
== Function ==
[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/ABL1_HUMAN ABL1_HUMAN] Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase that plays a role in many key processes linked to cell growth and survival such as cytoskeleton remodeling in response to extracellular stimuli, cell motility and adhesion, receptor endocytosis, autophagy, DNA damage response and apoptosis. Coordinates actin remodeling through tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins controlling cytoskeleton dynamics like WASF3 (involved in branch formation); ANXA1 (involved in membrane anchoring); DBN1, DBNL, CTTN, RAPH1 and ENAH (involved in signaling); or MAPT and PXN (microtubule-binding proteins). Phosphorylation of WASF3 is critical for the stimulation of lamellipodia formation and cell migration. Involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and motility through phosphorylation of key regulators of these processes such as BCAR1, CRK, CRKL, DOK1, EFS or NEDD9. Phosphorylates multiple receptor tyrosine kinases and more particularly promotes endocytosis of EGFR, facilitates the formation of neuromuscular synapses through MUSK, inhibits PDGFRB-mediated chemotaxis and modulates the endocytosis of activated B-cell receptor complexes. Other substrates which are involved in endocytosis regulation are the caveolin (CAV1) and RIN1. Moreover, ABL1 regulates the CBL family of ubiquitin ligases that drive receptor down-regulation and actin remodeling. Phosphorylation of CBL leads to increased EGFR stability. Involved in late-stage autophagy by regulating positively the trafficking and function of lysosomal components. ABL1 targets to mitochondria in response to oxidative stress and thereby mediates mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. ABL1 is also translocated in the nucleus where it has DNA-binding activity and is involved in DNA-damage response and apoptosis. Many substrates are known mediators of DNA repair: DDB1, DDB2, ERCC3, ERCC6, RAD9A, RAD51, RAD52 or WRN. Activates the proapoptotic pathway when the DNA damage is too severe to be repaired. Phosphorylates TP73, a primary regulator for this type of damage-induced apoptosis. Phosphorylates the caspase CASP9 on 'Tyr-153' and regulates its processing in the apoptotic response to DNA damage. Phosphorylates PSMA7 that leads to an inhibition of proteasomal activity and cell cycle transition blocks. ABL1 acts also as a regulator of multiple pathological signaling cascades during infection. Several known tyrosine-phosphorylated microbial proteins have been identified as ABL1 substrates. This is the case of A36R of Vaccinia virus, Tir (translocated intimin receptor) of pathogenic E.coli and possibly Citrobacter, CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) of H.pylori, or AnkA (ankyrin repeat-containing protein A) of A.phagocytophilum. Pathogens can highjack ABL1 kinase signaling to reorganize the host actin cytoskeleton for multiple purposes, like facilitating intracellular movement and host cell exit. Finally, functions as its own regulator through autocatalytic activity as well as through phosphorylation of its inhibitor, ABI1.<ref>PMID:9037071</ref> <ref>PMID:9144171</ref> <ref>PMID:9461559</ref> <ref>PMID:10391250</ref> <ref>PMID:12379650</ref> <ref>PMID:11971963</ref> <ref>PMID:12531427</ref> <ref>PMID:12672821</ref> <ref>PMID:15556646</ref> <ref>PMID:15031292</ref> <ref>PMID:15886098</ref> <ref>PMID:15657060</ref> <ref>PMID:16943190</ref> <ref>PMID:16678104</ref> <ref>PMID:17306540</ref> <ref>PMID:17623672</ref> <ref>PMID:18328268</ref> <ref>PMID:18945674</ref> <ref>PMID:19891780</ref> <ref>PMID:20417104</ref> <ref>PMID:16424036</ref> <ref>PMID:20357770</ref> 
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== Publication Abstract from PubMed ==
BCR gene fused ABL kinase is the critical driving force for the Philadelphia Chromosome positive (Ph+) Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and has been extensively explored as a drug target. With a structure-based drug design approach we have discovered a novel inhibitor CHMFL-074, that potently inhibits both the native and a variety of clinically emerged mutants of BCR-ABL kinase. The X-ray crystal structure of CHMFL-074 in complex with ABL1 kinase (PDB ID: 5HU9) revealed a typical type II binding mode (DFG-out) but relatively rare hinge binding. Kinome wide selectivity profiling demonstrated that CHMFL-074 bore a high selectivity (S score(1) = 0.03) and potently inhibited ABL1 kinase (IC50: 24 nM) and PDGFR alpha/beta (IC50: 71 nM and 88 nM). CHMFL-074 displayed strong anti-proliferative efficacy against BCR-ABL-driven CML cell lines such as K562 (GI50: 56 nM), MEG-01 (GI50: 18 nM) and KU812 (GI50: 57 nM). CHMFL-074 arrested cell cycle into the G0/G1 phase and induced apoptosis in the Ph+ CML cell lines. In addition, it potently inhibited the CML patient primary cell's proliferation but did not affect the normal bone marrow cells. In the CML cell K562 inoculated xenograft mouse model, oral administration of 100 mg/kg/d of CHMFL-074 achieved a tumor growth inhibition (TGI) of 65% without exhibiting apparent toxicity. As a potential drug candidate for fighting CML, CHMFL-074 is under extensive preclinical safety evaluation now.

Discovery and characterization of a novel potent type II native and mutant BCR-ABL inhibitor (CHMFL-074) for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML).,Liu F, Wang B, Wang Q, Qi Z, Chen C, Kong LL, Chen JY, Liu X, Wang A, Hu C, Wang W, Wang H, Wu F, Ruan Y, Qi S, Liu J, Zou F, Hu Z, Wang W, Wang L, Zhang S, Yun CH, Zhai Z, Liu J, Liu Q Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 14. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.10037. PMID:27322145<ref>PMID:27322145</ref>

From MEDLINE&reg;/PubMed&reg;, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.<br>
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<div class="pdbe-citations 5hu9" style="background-color:#fffaf0;"></div>

==See Also==
*[[Tyrosine kinase 3D structures|Tyrosine kinase 3D structures]]
== References ==
<references/>
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</StructureSection>
[[Category: Homo sapiens]]
[[Category: Large Structures]]
[[Category: Kong LL]]
[[Category: Yun CH]]